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NBDE Part 1 > Anatomy Fun Facts > Flashcards

Anatomy Fun Facts Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four unpaired bones of the cranium?

A

Ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal, occipital

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2
Q

Bones of the viscerocranium (except mandibular condyle) are formed by ____________ growth.

A

intramembranous

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3
Q

The __________ is considered the weakest part of the skull.

A

Pterion.

Middle meningeal artery runs under it

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4
Q

The _______ nasal conchae is its own bone.

A

inferior

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5
Q

The _______ artery is a branch of the ICA and gives most blood supply to the eye.

A

opthalmic artery

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6
Q

The palatine bones make up the __________ of the hard palate.

A

posterior 1/3

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7
Q

Along with V2 (nasopalatine, infraorbital, greater palatine), which nerve from V1 gives sensory innervation to the nose?

A

Anterior ethmoidal nerve

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8
Q

Which arteries supply the nose?

A

Sphenopalatine (maxillary), anterior ethmoidal (opthalmic), facial artery (septal branch)

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9
Q

Underneath each conchae is a space called a ________.

A

meatus

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10
Q

Most nosebleeds arise from a rupture in the __________.

A

Kiesselbach’s plexus

Sphenopalatine, greater palatine, superior labial, anterior ethmoid, lateral nasal branches

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11
Q

The _______ meatus contains openings for the frontal, maxillary, ethmoidal (ant and middle) sinuses.

A

middle

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12
Q

What are the components of the SCALP?

A 
S - Skin
C - Connective tissue
A - Aponeurosis
L - Loose connective tissue
P - Periosteum
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13
Q

Meninges from superficial to closest to brain?

A 
Epidural space
Dura mater
Subdural space
Arachnoid
Subarachnoid space
Pia mater
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14
Q

The ________ space is filled with CSF and contains cerebral circulation.

A

subarachnoid

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15
Q

The ________ space contains bridging veins.

A

subdural

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16
Q

The __________ space contains the middle meningeal artery.

A

epidural

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17
Q

The _____ folds run vertically and through the midline. The _______ folds run horizontally.

A

falx; tentorium

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18
Q

Drainage of the head/brain is via the ________ which forms from the inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses.

A

internal jugular vein

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19
Q

The cavernous sinus is drained via the ____________.

A

opthalmic veins

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20
Q

What will be the first never affected by an infection in the cavernous sinus or pituitary tumor?

A

CN VI

Smallest and most medial

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21
Q

The ________ connects the anterior facial vein and pterygoid plexus.

A

deep facial vein

22
Q

What is the flow of CSF?

A

Lateral ventricles -> third ventricle -> cerebral aqueduct -> fourth ventricle -> subarachnoid space -> venous circulation

23
Q

Where is the blood-brain barrier absent?

A

Hypothalamus, pineal gland, postrema, near third ventricle

24
Q

T/F: The ICA has several branches in the neck.

A

False

Contribute ACA and MCA on circle of Willis

25
Q

Which artery gives off the vertebral arteries?

A

L and R Subclavian arteries

26
Q

Which branch of the ICA follows the optic nerve through the optic foramen into the orbit?

A

opthalmic artery

27
Q

Which nerves provide general sensation to the tongue?

A

V3, IX, X

28
Q

Which nerves mediate taste?

A

VII (anterior), IX (posterior), X (epiglottis)

All to gustatory nucleus via solitary tract

29
Q

Which nerve gives motor senses to the tongue?

A

XII

30
Q

Which nerves are associated with the first four pharyngeal arches (form the tongue)?

A

Arch 1 = V
Arch 2 = VII
Arch 3 = IX
Arch 4 = X

31
Q

Which papillae of the tongue are the most numerous and avascular?

A

Filiform; do not contain taste buds

32
Q

Which tongue papillae are on the lateral of the tongue?

A

Foliate

33
Q

T/F: Fungiform papillae normally contain tastebuds.

A

True

34
Q

All tongue muscles except the ________ are innervated by CN XII.

A

palatoglossus

35
Q

Which muscles attach to the genial tubercles?

A

Genioglossus and geniohyoid

36
Q

Which arteries and veins provide for the tongue?

A

Lingual artery; veins drain to IJV

37
Q

The _________ protrudes the tongue.

A

genioglossus

38
Q

The _________ is the only major structure medial to the hyoglossus.

A

Lingual artery

Lingual vein/nerve, submandibular duct, hypoglossal nerve all lateral to hyoglossus

39
Q

Which nerve from V3 contributes motor function to the palate?

A

Tensor veli palatine

Rest of palate is pharyngeal plexus (CN X)

40
Q

Which vessels supply blood to palate?

A

Greater palatine artery and sphenopalatine artery (incisive foramen)

41
Q

Most muscles of the soft palate attach to the __________.

A

palatal aponeurosis

42
Q

What would result from the incomplete fusion of the palatine shelves?

A

Bifid uvula

43
Q

T/F: There are lymph follicles and crypts on pharyngeal tonsils.

A

FALSE

Palatine tonsils

44
Q

Which muscles prevent food from entering the nasopharynx?

A

Tensor and levator veli palatini

45
Q

CN ___ provides sensory innervation to the pharynx, while CN ___ provides motor innervation.

A

X; XI (via X)

46
Q

Which muscle of the palate is not innervated by X or XII?

A

Stylopharyngeus (CN IX)

47
Q

What are two common areas for food to get caught?

A

Vallecula or pyriform recesses

48
Q

What nucleus in the medulla oblongata is the “swallowing center”.

A

Nucleus ambiguous

49
Q

Which artery supplies blood to all salivary glands?

A

External carotid artery

50
Q

What is the sequence of tear drainage?

A

Gland -> puncta -> canals -> sac -> duct -> inferior meatus

51
Q

Describe the pathway of innervation for the lacrimal gland.

A

Greater petrosal nerve (VII) -> pterygopalatine ganglion -> lacrimal nerve (V1) to gland

NBDE Part 1 (31 decks)

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