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Maddy - First Aid > Path > Flashcards

Path Flashcards

1
Q

ALK oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

lung adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

BCR-ABL oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

CML, ALL

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3
Q

BCL-2 oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

follicular and diffuse large B Cell Lymphoma

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4
Q

BRAF oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

melanoma, NHL, papillary thyroid carcinoma, hairy cell leukemia

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5
Q

c-KIT oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

GIST

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6
Q

c-MYC oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

burkitt lymphoma

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7
Q

HER2/neu (c-erbB2) oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

breast and gastric carcinomas

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8
Q

JAK2 oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

chronic myeloproliferative disorders

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9
Q

KRAS oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

colon cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer

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10
Q

MYCL1 oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

lung tumor

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11
Q

N-myc oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

neuroblastoma

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12
Q

RET oncogene is associated with what neoplasm

A

MEN 2A and 2B, papillary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma

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13
Q

APC tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

colorectal cancer (associated with FAP)

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14
Q

BRCA1/BRCA2 tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers

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15
Q

CDKN2A tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

melanoma, pancreatic cancer

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16
Q

DCC tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

colon cancer

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17
Q

SMAD4 tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

pancreatic cancer

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18
Q

MEN1 tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

MEN type 1

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19
Q

NF1 tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

neurofibromatosis type 1

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20
Q

NF2 tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

neurofibromatosis type 2

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21
Q

PTEN tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

prostate, breast, endometrial cancers

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22
Q

Rb tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma

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23
Q

TP53 tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

most human cancers, Li-fraumeni syndrome (SBLA cancer syndrome - sarcoma, breast, leukemia, adrenal gland)

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24
Q

TSC1 tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

tuberous sclerosis

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25
Q

TSC2 tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

tuberous sclerosis

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26
Q

VHL tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

von Hippel-Lindau dz

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27
Q

WT1 tumor suppressor gene is associated with what condition

A

wilms tumor

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28
Q

aflatoxins (aspergillus):

  • exposure
  • organ affected
  • impact
A

stored grains and nuts

liver

hepatocellular carcinoma

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29
Q

alkylating agents:

  • exposure
  • organ
  • impact
A

oncologic chemotherapy

blood

leukemia/lymphoma

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30
Q

aromatic amines (benzidine, 2-naphthylamine)

  • exposure
  • organ affected
  • impact
A

textile industry, cigarette smoke

bladder

transitional cell carcinoma

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31
Q

arsenic

  • exposure
  • organ affected
  • impact
A

herbicides, metal smelting

liver, lung, skin

angiosarcoma, lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma

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32
Q

asbestos

  • exposure
  • organ affected
  • impact
A

old roofing material, shipyard workers

lung

bronchogenic carcinoma > mesothelioma

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33
Q

ionizing radiation

  • organ affected
  • impact
A

thyroid

papillary thyroid carcinoma, leukemia

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34
Q

nickel, chromium, beryllium, silica

  • organ affected
  • impact
A

lung

lung cancer

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35
Q

nitrosamines

  • organ affected
  • impact
A

stomach

gastric cancer

36
Q

radon

  • exposure
  • organ affected
  • impact
A

byproduct of uranium decay, accumulates in basements

lung

lung cancer

37
Q

vinyl chloride

  • exposure
  • organ affected
  • impact
A

used to make PVC pipes

liver

angiosarcoma

38
Q

EBV is associated with what cancers

A

burkitt lymphoma

HL

nasopharyngeal carcinoma

primary CNS lymphoma

39
Q

HBV, HCV is associated with what cancers

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

40
Q

HHV-8 is associated with what cancers

A

kaposi sarcoma

41
Q

HPV is associated with what cancers

A

cervical and penile/anal carcinoma, head and neck cancer

42
Q

H. pylori is associated with what cancers

A

gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma

43
Q

HTLV-1 is associated with what cancers

A

adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma

44
Q

liver fluke (clonorchis sinensis) is associated with what cancers

A

cholangiocarcinoma

45
Q

schistosoma haematobium is associated with what cancers

A

squamous cell bladder cancer

46
Q

alkaline phosphatase can be a marker for what conditions

A

mets to bone or liver

paget dz of bone

seminoma

47
Q

alpha-fetoprotein can be a marker for what conditions

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumor

mixed germ cell tumor

ataxia-telangectasia

neural tube defects

48
Q

hCG can be a marker for what conditions

A

hydatidiform moles and choriocarcinomas

testicular cancer

49
Q

CA 15-3/CA 27-29 can be a marker for what conditions

A

breast cancer

50
Q

CA 19-9 can be a marker for what conditions

A

pancreatic adenocarcinoma

51
Q

CA 125 can be a marker for what conditions

A

ovarian cancer

52
Q

calcitonin can be a marker for what conditions

A

medullary thyroid carcinoma

53
Q

CEA can be a marker for what conditions

A

colorectal and pancreatic cancers

54
Q

chromogranin can be a marker for what conditions

A

neuroendocrine tumors

55
Q

LDH can be a marker for what conditions

A

testicular germ cell tumors

ocarian dysgerminoma

56
Q

neuron-specific enolase can be a marker for what conditions

A

neuroendocrine tumors (small cell lung cancer, carcinoid tumor, neuroblastoma)

57
Q

PSA can be a marker for what conditions

A

prostate cancer

58
Q

Chromogranin and synaptophysin stain

  • what is the target
  • what tumors can be identified
A

neuroendocrine cells

small cell carcinoma of the lung and carcinoid tumor

59
Q

cytokeratin stain

  • what is the target
  • what tumors can be identified
A

epithelial cells

epithelial tumors (squamous cell carcinoma)

60
Q

Desmin stain

  • what is the target
  • what tumors can be identified
A

muscle

muscle tumors (rhabdomuyosarcoma)

61
Q

GFAP stain

  • what is the target
  • what tumors can be identified
A

neuroglia (astrocytes, schwann cells, oligodendrocytes)

astrocytoma, glioblastoma

62
Q

neurofilament stain

  • what is the target
  • what tumors can be identified
A

neurons

neuronal tumors (neuroblastoma)

63
Q

PSA stain

  • what is the target
  • what tumors can be identified
A

prostatic epithelium

prostate cancer

64
Q

S-100 stain

  • what is the target
  • what tumors can be identified
A

neural crest cells

melanoma, schwannoma, langerhans cell histiocytosis

65
Q

TRAP stain

  • what is the target
  • what tumors can be identified
A

tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase

hairy cell leukemia

66
Q

vimentin stain

  • what is the target
  • what tumors can be identified
A

mesenchymal tissue (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, macrophages)

mesenchymal tumors (sarcoma), other tumors (endometrial carcinoma, RCC, meningioma)

67
Q

psammoma bodies are seen in:

A

PSaMMOMa

P: papillary carcinoma of thyroid

S: somatostatinoma

M: meningioma

M: malignant mesothelioma

O: ovarian serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma

M: prolactinoma (milk)

68
Q

the paraneoplastic syndrome dermatomyositis is associated with what tumors

A

adenocarcinomas (ovarian)

69
Q

the paraneoplastic syndrome acanthosis nigricans is associated with what tumors

A

gastric adenocarcinoma and other visceral malignancies

70
Q

the paraneoplastic sign of Leser-Trelat is associated with what tumors

A

GI adenocarcinomas and other visceral malignancies

71
Q

the paraneoplastic syndrome hypertrophic asteoarthropathy is associated with what tumors

A

adenocarcinoma of the lung

72
Q

hypercalcemia is associated with what tumors

A

squamous cell carcinomas of lung, head, and neck

bladder, breast, ovarian carcinomas

lymphoma

73
Q

cushing syndrome is associated with what tumors

A

small cell lung cancer

74
Q

hyponatremia (SIADH) is associated with what tumors

A

small cell lung cancer

75
Q

polycythemia is associated with what tumors

A

pheochromocytoma, RCC, HCC, hemangioblastoma, leiomyoma

76
Q

pure red cell aplasia is associated with what tumors

A

thymoma

77
Q

good syndrome is associated with what tumors

A

thymoma

78
Q

trousseau syndrome is associated with what tumors

A

adenocarcinomas, especially pancreatic

79
Q

nonbacterial thrombotic (marantic) endocarditis is associated with what tumors

A

adenocarcinomas, especially pancreatic

80
Q

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is associated with what tumors

A

ovarian teratoma

81
Q

opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome is associated with what tumors

A

neuroblastoma (children)

small cell lung cancer (adults)

82
Q

paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration is associated with what tumors

A

small cell lung cancer

gynecologic and breast cancers

HL

83
Q

paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis is associated with what tumors

A

small cell lung cancer

84
Q

lambert-eaton myasthenic syndrome is associated with what tumors

A

small cell lung cancer

85
Q

myasthenia gravis is associated with what tumors

A

thymoma

Maddy - First Aid (23 decks)

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