Passive Care: Electrical Treatment Result In Flashcards
What does Electrothermal mean?
Heat
Micro-vibration
Electrically leads to heat (Joule’s Law)
What does Electrochemical mean?
Ionto & Opiods
Iontophoresis is DC current
Opioid Frequency: 1-10 (endorphins) / 70-120 (enkephalins)
Low Volt
What does Electrophysical mean?
Kinetic
Ions push other molecules around shifting Na+ / K+ pump resulting in contraction
Electricity - what happens when you increase the frequency? Does it increase or decrease the depth?
increase
US - what happens when you increase the frequency? Does it increase or decrease the depth?
decrease
US - 1MHz is deep or superficial?
deep
US - 3MHz is deep or superficial?
superficial
1 pad
motor point or muscle belly
2 pads
either side of the muscle belly
if the muscle is especially weak
Pad Rule
1 mA per square inch of pad size
3” square pad = 9 mA
What types of Pads?
Monopolar
Bipolar
Quadripolar
Monopolar Pad
used for larger area or trigger / acupuncture point
Dispersal (aka indifferent) = large pad / should not have any sensation
Active pad = small pad
The active pad mA should be smaller than the dispersal pad
Bipolar Pad
small muscle group
dispersal and active pads are equal size
Quadripolar Pad
criss cross pattern
IF
RS
Pain
Continuous
Exercise / Rehab
Ramp Time Surge = increased ramp time Duty Cycle = 1:3 or 1:5 1 = work 3 or 5 = rest 1:3 = normal muscle 1:5 = weak muscle
Fatigue / Spasm
Pulsed / Tetanizing
Duty Cycle: 1:1
Reciprocating
contract agonist, then antagonist
Modulation
is used to avoid accommodation
Burst
TENS
packages of stimulation
How do you treat Pain?
Low Frequency
1-20 endorphin (low and slow)
70-150 enkephalin (high and fast)
How do you treat edema?
3-5
How do you exercise a muscle?
15 - 25
How do you fatigue a muscle?
50