Part II: Opioids Flashcards
Opioid vs Opiate
Opioid acts at opioid receptors
Opiates derived from poppies
Opioid receptors are
G protein receptors
Is sigma an opioid receptor?
no
Analgesic, sedative, euphoric effects opioid receptor
mu receptors
analgesia at spinal levels opioid receptor
Delta receptors
Dysphoria opioid receptor
kappa
How would an opioid overdose kill you
respiratory depression
Miosis or Mydriasis with opioids?
Miosis from parasympathetic/cholinergic activity
Toxicity of opioids
Respiratory Depression Dysphoria Nausea and vomiting Constipation Seizures at high doses
How long does it take for opioid tolerance to develop?
2-3 weeks (tolerance reverses within same time as well)
cross tolerance means
tolerance to one opioid means tolerance to the others
Abstinence syndrome
withdrawing from opioids
Equianalgesic dose is equal to how much of morphine?
10mg
High efficacy Analgesics
Morphine Methadone Meperidine Hydromorphone Oxymorphone Fentanyl Alfentanil
why is methadone used to for opioid addiction?
it is longer acting and is used as a maintenance in opiate addicts