GI Flashcards
Examples of Autocoids
histamine, serotonin, peptides, PGs, leukotrienes
Histamine is converted from
L-histidine in basophils and mast cells. also in some neurons in the brain
Histamine has receptors on what GI cell?
Enterchromaffin cells
Histamine binds to IgE Fc receptors on mast cells which represent what sort of Hypersensitivity reaction?
Type I HS
Chemical-induced histamine released by what drugs
Morphine and Tubocurarine
How to modulate physiologic effects of histamine?
Epinephrine
How to modulate release of histamine?
Cromolyn
Pharmacologic blockade of histamine receptors in the gastric mucosa?
cimetidine, ranitidine, tilotidine
Vascular endothelium have which Histamine receptors that cause vasodilation via NO
H1 receptors, histamine also causes local edema from endothelium becoming leaky
First Gen vs 2nd Gen anti-histamines
Second generation (Fexofenadine, Loratadine) do not have CNS effects also longer DOA
First Generation have CNS effects and anticholinergic effects (drowsiness)
Why are the first generation H1 receptor antagonists Diphenhydramine and promethazine potent local anesthetics?
block VgNaC
Some toxicity in H1 receptor antagonists
urinary retention and blurred vision
Eicosanoids are products of
Arachidonic Acid
which one is the constitutively active COX enzyme that is for housekeeping function?
COX1
Prostaglandins can be synthesized in what part of the kidney?
Medulla»Cortex
