PARATHYROID DISORDERS

Question 1

are situated in the neck and embedded
in the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland

Answer 1

PARATHYROID GLAND

Question 2

protein hormone produced by the parathyroid glands that regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism

Answer 2

PARATHORMONE

Question 2

Normally, how many parathyroid glands are present in the body?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

Vitamin that is important in absorption of calcium and also increases the action of parathormone

Answer 3

VITAMIN D

Question 4

INCREASE OR DECREASE
Increased serum
calcium results in ________parathormone secretion

Answer 4

DECREASED

Question 5

is caused by overproduction of parathormone by the
parathyroid glands and is characterized by bone decalcification and the
development of renal calculi

Answer 5

HYPERPARATHYROIDISM

Question 6

TRUE OR FALSE
An increase in calcium produces a
decrease in the excitation potential of nerve and muscle tissue

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

Refers to formation of stones in one or both kidneys related to the
increased urinary excretion of calcium and phosphorus, is one of the major
complications of hyperparathyroidism

Answer 7

NEPHROLITHIASIS

Question 8

recommended treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 8

PARATHYROIDECTOMY

Question 9

In patient with hyperparathyroidism a daily fluid intake of _____ or more is encouraged to help prevent calculus
formation.

Answer 9

2000 mL

Question 10

early postoperative complication of parathyroidectomy

Answer 10

TETANY

Question 11

Management for hypercalcemic crisis

Answer 11

RAPID ISTONIC SALINE
CALCITONIN
BISPHOSPHONATE

The saline infusion is for dehydration and should be stopped and a loop diuretic may be needed if the patient develops edema

BISPHOPHOSPHONATE or BIPHOSPHATE includes etidronate pamidronate

Question 11

occur with extreme elevation of serum calcium levels

Answer 11

HYPERCALCEMIC CRISIS

Question 12

promotes renal excretion of excess calcium and reduces bone resorption

Answer 12

CALCITONIN

Question 13

given in emergencies to reduce the serum calcium level by increasing calcium deposition in bone

Answer 13

CALCITONIN AND CORTICOSTEROID

Question 14

is general muscle
hypertonia, with tremor and spasmodic or uncoordinated contractions
occurring with or without efforts to make voluntary movements.

Answer 14

TETANY

Question 15

chief symptom of hypoparathyroidism

Answer 15

TETANY

Question 16

Refers to carpopedal spasm which is induced by occluding the blood flow to the arm for 3
minutes with a blood pressure cuff

Answer 16

TROUSSEAU SIGN

Question 17

Refers to a sharp tapping over the facial nerve just in
front of the parotid gland and anterior to the ear causes spasm or twitching of
the mouth, nose, and eye

Answer 17

CHVOSTEK SIGN

Question 18

Pharmacologic treatment for hypocalcemia

Answer 18

CALCIUM GLUCONATE
MAGNESIUM
ERGOCIFEROL OR CALCITRIOL

Question 19

also is given after meals to bind phosphate and promote
its excretion through the GI tract.

Answer 19

ALUINUM HYDROXIDE
ALUMINUM CARBONATE

Question 19

may be given to help decrease urinary calcium excretion

Answer 19

THIAZIDE DIURETICS

Question 20

promote a sustained decrease in serum calcium levels by promoting calcium
deposition in bone and reducing the GI absorption of calcium.

Answer 20

BISPHOSPHONATES

Question 21

in hydration therapy for hyperparathyroidism __________are avoided, because they decrease the renal excretion of calcium and further elevate serum
calcium levels.

Answer 21

THIAZIDE DIURETICS

Question 22

inadequate secretion of
parathormone

Answer 22

HYPOPARATHYROIDISM