ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Question 1

chemical transmitter substances

Answer 1

HORMONES

Question 2

in charge of endocrine functions of pancreas

Answer 2

ISLET OF LANGERHANS

Question 3

secretes corticotropin-releasing factor, which stimulates the anterior pituitary to release ACTH

Answer 3

HYPOTHALAMUS

Question 4

Also called adenohypophysis

Answer 4

ANTERIOR PITUITARY

Question 5

Also called Neurohypohysis

Answer 5

POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Question 6

A surgical procedure wherein pituitary gland is taken out through your nose via the sphenoid sinus

Answer 6

TRANSSPHENOIDAL HYPOPHYSECTOMY

Question 7

maintain equilibrium of hormones and chemicals in the body

Answer 7

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM

Question 8

promotes an increase in blood glucose level

Answer 8

GLUCAGON

Question 9

decrease glucose level

Answer 9

INSULIN

Question 10

Released in response to a low blood sugar level.

Answer 10

GLUCAGON

Question 11

released in response to a high blood glucose level

Answer 11

INSULIN

Question 12

Released after ingestion of a meal and inhibits release of both insulin and glucagon.

Answer 12

SOMASTOSTATIN

Question 13

delay nutrient absorption by the GI tract, thus prolonging the duration of intestinal absorption after a meal.

Answer 13

SOMASTOSTATIN

Question 14

Cells that is responsible for production of insulin

Answer 14

BETA

Question 15

Cells that is responsible for production of glucagon

Answer 15

ALPHA

Question 16

Cells that is responsible for production of Somastostatin

Answer 16

DELTA

Question 17

Stimulates liver to release stored glucose (Glycogen)

Answer 17

GLUCAGON

Question 18

Breakdown of glycogen into glucose

Answer 18

GLYCOGENOLYSIS

Question 19

Synthesis of amino acids to produce Glucose

Answer 19

GLUCONEOGENESIS

Question 20

Inhibit protein, carbohydrates, and fats breakdown

Answer 20

INSULIN

Question 21

Stores carbohydrates into the liver and muscle

Answer 21

INSULIN

Question 22

Release of slow and continuous insulin

Answer 22

BASAL RATE

Question 23

Release of rapid insulin in response to stimulation (Hyperglycemia)

Answer 23

BOLUS RATE

Question 24

Complex network of glands and organs that uses hormones to regulate and integrate body functions

Answer 24

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Question 25

Functional unit of endocrine system

Answer 25

GLANDS

Question 26

Controls the endocrine system

Answer 26

HYPOTHALAMUS

Question 27

Known as the master of endocrine system as it is the one who stimulates other glands

Answer 27

PITUITARY GLAND

Question 28

It is a pea-size gland located below the hypothalamus

Answer 28

PITUITARY GLAND

Question 29

Pituitary gland is also referred to as

Answer 29

HYPOPHYSIS

Question 30

Releases ADH and Oxytocin

Answer 30

POSTERIOR PITUITARY (Neurohypophysis)

Question 31

Releases stimulating hormones to stimulate other glands

Answer 31

ANTERIOR PITUITARY

Question 32

Releases prolactin responsible for production of milk

Answer 32

ANTERIOR PITUITARY

Question 33

Releases growth hormones

Answer 33

ANTERIOR PITUITARY

Question 34

A hormone responsible for water retention

Answer 34

ADH (Vasopressin)

Question 35

Butterfly shaped gland located under the larynx and is responsible for regulating metabolism

Answer 35

THYROID GLAND

Question 36

A gland that also secretes calcitonin to decrease calcium level

Answer 36

THYROID GLAND

Question 37

Two main hormones secreted by throid gland for metabolism

Answer 37

T3 + T4

Question 38

T3 is known as

Answer 38

TRIIODOTHYRONINE

Question 39

T4 is known as

Answer 39

THYROXINE

Question 40

Inhibits activity of osteoclast, which is responsible for bone dimineralization

Answer 40

CALCITONIN

Question 41

Tiny gland not larger than grain of rice. Located posterior to thyroid and control level of calcium

Answer 41

PARATHYROID GLAND

Question 42

Gland responsible for production of hormones that stimulates sympathetic responses, inflammatory process, glucose level, sodium and water retention, and androgen

Answer 42

ADRENAL GLAND

Question 43

Produces catecholamines

Answer 43

ADRENAL MEDULLA

Question 44

Produces Glucocorticoid, Mineralocorticoid, and Sex hormone (Androgen)

Answer 44

ADRENAL CORTEX

Question 45

Produces sex hormones

Answer 45

GONADS

Question 46

A test for blood glucose level which requires patient to be in NPO for 8 hrs

Answer 46

FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE FASTING BLOOD SUGAR

Question 47

Normal value of FBS/FBG

Answer 47

70-110 mg/dL

Question 48

Value of FBS that indicates patient is diabetic

Answer 48

>145 mg/dL for 2 readings (Magtulis) >126 mg/dL (book)

Question 49

Blood sugar level test that does not need fasting. Usually CBG

Answer 49

RANDOM BLOOD SUGAR

Question 50

Normal value for RBS

Answer 50

80-120 mg/dL

Question 51

Test use to check if insulin is working. A 75g of anhydrous glucose is taken by the patient and after certain amount of time, blood sugar is taken.

Answer 51

ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST

Question 52

value of OGTT that indicates diabetes

Answer 52

>200 mg/dL (book)

Question 53

Test use to measure glucose control and compliance to medication (OHA) for 3 months

Answer 53

HBA1C Glycosylated hemoglobin Hemoglobin A1c

Question 54

Best indicator of DM

Answer 54

HBA1C

Question 55

Normal value of HBA1c

Answer 55

4-6%

Question 56

Pre diabetic value of HBA1c

Answer 56

5.7-6-4% (Lecturio)

Question 57

Diabetic value of HBA1c

Answer 57

6.5-7% or greater (lecturio)

Question 58

Use to detect presence of glucose or ketones in urine

Answer 58

URINE TEST URINE DIPSTICK TEST KETOSTICK OR CHEMSTICK

Question 59

Test use to check blood glucose level 2 hours after the first ingestion (bite) of meal

Answer 59

POST PRADIAL BLOOD GLUCOSE

Question 60

Normal value of PPBG

Answer 60

<140 mg/dL

Question 61

Diabetic value of PPBG

Answer 61

>180 mg/dL > 200 mg/dL (book)