ADRENAL DISORDER Flashcards
center of the gland and secretes
catecholamines
ADRENAL MEDULLA
Increased this hormone secretion results in elevated blood
glucose levels.
CORTISOL
outer portion of the gland and secretes
steroid hormones
ADRENAL CORTEX
stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete ACTH
CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE
have an important influence
on glucose metabolism
GLUCOCORTICOID
These drugs are given to inhibit the inflammatory response to tissue injury and
to suppress allergic manifestations.
CORTICOSTEROID
exert their major effects on electrolyte metabolism
MINERALOCORTICOID
cause increased
sodium ion absorption in exchange for excretion of potassium or hydrogen
ions.
MINERALOCORTICOID
the third major type of steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex, exert effects similar to those of male sex hormones
ANDROGEN
Is the main hormone for the long-term regulation of sodium balance.
ALDOSTERONE
Refers to masculinization in women, feminization in men, or premature sexual development in children
ADRENOGENITAL SYNDROME
is a rare tumor that is usually benign and originates from
the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla.
PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA
typical triad of symptoms of phechromocytoma
HEADACHE
DIAPHORESIS
PALPITATION
Pheochromocytoma is suspected if these signs/symptoms occurs along with elevated bp
FIVE Hs
HYPERTENSION
HEADACHE
HYPERHIDROSIS
HYPERMETABOLISM
HYPERGLYCEMIA
most direct and
conclusive tests for overactivity of the adrenal medulla
CATECHOLAMINE METABOLITE
Normal plasma values of epinephrine are
100 pg/mL
normal
values of norepinephrine are
<100 TO 550 pg/mL
Values of epinephrine _________ or
norepinephrine ________ are
considered diagnostic of pheochromocytoma
> 400 pg/mL
2000 pg/mL
is a centrally acting antiadrenergic medication that suppresses the release of neurogenically mediated catecholamines.
CLONIDINE
position for patient during hypertensive attacks
BED REST W/ HEAD ELEVATED
Promote orthostatic decrease in bp
Preoperatively (REMOVAL OF TUMOR), the patient may begin treatment with a low dose of an ________ for 110-24 days or longer prior to surgery
ALPHA ADRENERGIC BLOCKER
phenoxybenzamine or doxazosin
The medication dosages are started at a low dose and increased every 2 to 3 days as needed to control blood pressure
are sometimes used as an
alternative or supplement to preoperative alpha- and beta-blockers, when blood pressure control is inadequate or the patient is unable to tolerate the side effects
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
The definitive treatment of pheochromocytoma is
ADRENALECTOMY
may begin on the evening before surgery and continue during the early postoperative period to prevent adrenal insufficiency
METHYLPREDNISONE IV
Primary adrenal insufficiency, also called
ADDISON’S DISEASE
may result from the sudden cessation of exogenous
adrenocortical hormonal therapy, which suppresses the body’s normal response to stress and interferes with normal feedback mechanisms
SECONDARY SDRENAL INSUFFICIENCY
a life-threatening complication of addisons disease
ADDISONIAN CRISIS
Sudden discontinuation of exogenous gllucocorticoid can lead to
ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY
A condition that occurs as a result of disorder within the adrenal gland
ADDISON’S DISEASE
Metabolic effect of addison’d disease
HYPOGLYCEMIA
Common infection leads to adrenal damage
TB
HISTOPLASMOSIS
rare disease that occurs when anabnormal plasma protein (amyloid)builds up in the organ and alter the function of it
AMYLOIDOSIS
increased in pigmentation is caused by secretion ______ as a response to stress (hypoglycemia)
MELANOCYTE STIMULAING HORMONE
Secretion of MSH leads to color discoloration of
BRONZE
Management for addison’s diseases
HYDROCORTISONE
LIBERAL SALT 5-8 G/D
HIGH CARBS PROTEIN DIET
Management for addison’s diseases
D5NSS
HYDROCORTISONE IV
PLASMA + VASOPRESSIN
ANTIPYRETIC
ANTIBIOTICS
D50W
a relatively rar disorder resulting in excessive levels of adrenocortical hormones
CUSHING SYNDROME
Characteristics features of patient with cushing syndrome
MOON FACE
BUFFALO HUMP
PURPLE STRIAE
HIRSUTISM
Persistent hyperglycemia in cushing syndrome is called
STEROID DIABETES
Management for cushing syndrome
ADRENALECTOMY
HYPOPHYSECTOMY
ADRENOSTEROID INHIBITORS
AMINOGLUTETHIMIDE
MYTERAPONE
TRILOSTANE
