HIATAL HERNIA Flashcards
Also known as Diaphragmatic Hernia
HIATAL HERNIA
A condition in which a part of the stomach protrudes into
the chest through an opening in the diaphragm (Diaphragmatic Hiatus), potentially causing symptoms like acid reflux or chest pain.
HIATAL HERNA
Hiatal hernia occurs when the ________ widens or enlarged
DIAPHRAGMATIC HIATUS
Etiology of Hiatal Hernia
muscle weakness in the esophageal (Diaphragmatic) hiatus
Primary prevention for Hiatal hernia
Weight loss
Decrease intra-abdominal pressure
Most common type of hiatal hernia
SLIDING HERNIA
What type of Hiatal Hernia is this?
The gastroesophageal junction and a portion of the stomach slide up into the chest through the esophageal hiatus (the opening in the diaphragm)
SLIDING HERNIA
TYPE 1
This type of hiatal hernia is often associated with gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD
SLIDING HERNIA
TYPE 1
What Type of Hiatal Hernia?
Involves the stomach (Fundus) protruding into the chest beside the esophagus and stays there, rather than sliding into it
PARAESOPHAGEAL
What type of Hiatal Hernia?
Part of the stomach moves into the chest, but the junction between the stomach and esophagus
stays in place
TYPE 2
ROLLING
What type of hiatal hernia
Both the gastroesophageal junction and part of the stomach move into the chest
TYPE 3
What type of hiatal hernia?
The entire stomach, or almost all of it, herniates into the chest because of larger defect in the diaphragmatic hiatus.
TYPE 4
Complication of sliding hernia
ESOPHAGEAL REFLUX
Complications of Paraesophagial hernia
STRANGULATION
OBSTRUCTION
Reflux caused by protrusion of LES + Part of stomach may cause
SUBSTERNAL PAIN
How many minutes does it take for pyrosis to occur after meals for people with hernia
30-60 mins
This refers to restricted or completely cut off blood flow
STRANGULATION
Clinical manifestation of hiatal hernia that is characterized by the stomach twisting on its own axis and one cause of strangulation
VOLVULUS
X-ray examination with contrast dye (Barium) to visualize the shape and function of the esophagus and stomach
BARIUM SWALLOW
Insertion of a flexible tube with a camera to directly visualize the esophagus,
stomach, and upper part of the small intestine
ENDOSCOPY (EGD)
Measures the pressure and coordination of contractions in the esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter
ESOPHAGEAL MANOMETRY
May be used to visualize the anatomy and assess the size and location of the hernia, especially in the case of paraesophageal hernias
CT SCAN
Patient with hiatal hernia are advised not to recline for ____hour after eating
1 HOUR
Patient with hiatal hernia should elevate the head of the bed on
4-8 inches
Patient with hiatal hernia should Sleep with head elevated at
6 INCHES
Patient with hiatal hernia should avoid evening snacks ______ hours before going to bed
3 HOURS
Diet for patient with Hiatal hernia
Low protein and fats
Restrict spicy, acidic, and carbonated food
Surgical management for patient with hiatal hernia wherein the protruded part is placed back to where it is supposed to be
NISSEN FUNDOPLICATION
What type of fundoplication is preferred for surgical management of hiatal hernia
LAPAROSCOPIC NISSEN FUNDOPLICATION
