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MEDICAL SURGICAL > GI BLEEDING, GASTRITIS, PEPTIC ULCER > Flashcards

GI BLEEDING, GASTRITIS, PEPTIC ULCER Flashcards

1
Q

can occur from hematologic disorders that decrease platelet numbers or function

A

MASSIVE GI BLEEDING

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2
Q

is most often caused by hemorrhoids and polyps of the colon

A

LOWER GI BLEEDING

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3
Q

a condition where open sores develop on the inner lining of the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine

A

PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE

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4
Q

is inflammation of the stomach lining, often causing pain, nausea, and discomfort

A

GASTRITIS

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5
Q

are enlarged and swollen veins in the esophagus, typically occurring due to liver disease, and they pose a risk of bleeding

A

ESOPHAGEAL VARICES

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6
Q

Blood in the vomit. Occurs when blood from the digestive tract mixes with stomach content.

A

Hematemesis

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7
Q

Blood in the stool. It indicates lower gastrointestinal bleeding, often originating from the colon or rectum

A

HEMATOCHEZIA

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8
Q

Black tarry stool which is an indication of Upper GI bleeding

A

MELENA

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9
Q

A physical examination in which a healthcare provider uses a lubricated, gloved finger (digit) to assess the lower part of the rectum and surrounding structures

A

DIGITAL RECTAL EXAM

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10
Q

A common and direct method to identify the source of bleeding. Uses instruments like an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for upper gastrointestinal bleeding or colonoscopy for lower gastrointestinal bleeding

A

ENDOSCOPY

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11
Q

These tests assess the blood’s ability to clot and may be abnormal in the presence of significant bleeding.

A

PROTHROMBIN TIME
ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME

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12
Q

These tests detect hidden blood in the stool, providing evidence of lower gastrointestinal bleeding

A

FECAL OCCULT BLOOD TEST

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13
Q

Medical management for GI Bleedinf

A

NGT -> Gastric lavage

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14
Q

Characterized by a disruption of the mucosal barrier that normally protectsthe stomach tissue from digestive juices

A

GASTRITIS

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15
Q

Is an inflammation, irritation, or erosion of the lining of the stomach (gastric mucosa)

A

GASTRITIS

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16
Q

most common form of gastritis

A

ACUTE GASTRITIS

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17
Q

Form of gastritis wherein inflammation is usually transient and self-limiting in nature

A

ACUTE GASTRITIS

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18
Q

Form of gastritis that is associated with ingestion of alcohol, aspirin, NSAIDS, caffeine or contaminated food

A

ACUTE GASTRITIS

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19
Q

Form of gastritis wherein it causes the gastric mucosa to become edematous and hyperemic (congested
with fluid and blood) and to undergo superficial erosion

A

ACUTE GASTRITIS

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20
Q

Stress-induced gastritis

A

EROSIVE GASTRITIS

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21
Q

Form of gastritis that can lead to chronic inflammatory changes, and eventually atrophy (or thinning) of the gastric tissue

A

CHRONIC GASTRITIS

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22
Q

Type of chronic gastritis that is known as Autoimmune Atrophic Gastritis

A

TYPE A

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23
Q

Type of chronic gastritis that is triggered by physical or psycho-emotional stressors

A

TYPE A

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24
Q

Type of chronic gastritis that affects the fundus and the body of the stomach

A

TYPE A GASTRITIS

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25
Type of chronic gastritis also known as Simple Atrophic Gastritis
TYPE B
26
Type of chronic gastritis that is strongly associated with colonization of the gastric mucosa by H. Pylori
TYPE B
27
Type of chronic gastritis that is is often asymptomatic until atrophy is well advanced
TYPE B
28
Type of chronic gastritis that is not relieved by antacids
TYPE B
29
Type of chronic Gastritis that affects the glands of the antrum but may involve the entire stomach
TYPE B
30
Diagnostic test of choice for gastritis. Direct visualization of the stomach lining
ENDOSCOPY
31
measures the amount of HCL acid secreted by the stomach
BASAL ACID OUTPUT TEST
32
Measures the total acid output after Pentagastrin injection
GASTRIC ACID STIMULATION TEST
33
What is injected to patient in Gastric acid stimulation test?
PENTAGASTRIN
34
This test is used to evaluate the capacity of the stomach to produce acid
GASTRIC ACID STIMULATION TEST
35
To detect the presence of H. pylori bacteria
H. Pylori Breath Test
36
In mild cases, what is the drug of choice for gastritis?
ANTACID
37
In erosive cases, what is the DOC for gastritis
AHMA ANTACID H2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST MUCOSAL BARRIE FORTIFIERS ANTIBIOTICS
38
In atrophic cases, what is the DOC for gastritis?
AV ANTICHOLINERGIC VITAMIN B12 INJECTION
39
If peptic ulcer is caused by H. pylori, what is the DOC
BAP BISMUTH SUBSALICYLATES ANTIBIOTICS PPI
40
anastomosis of jejunum to stomach to detour around the pylorus
GASTROJEJUNOSTOMY
41
necessary to treat gastric outlet obstruction, also called pyloric obstruction, a narrowing of the pyloric orifice
GASTROJEJUNOSTOMY
42
Surgical procedure done in rare cases where severe gastritis is part of a larger condition or where there is a high risk of developing stomach cancer
GASTRECTOMY
43
a surgical procedure in which pyloric valve at the lower portion of the stomach is cut & resutured, relaxing & widening its muscular opening into the duodenum
PYLOROPLASTY
44
is the surgical cutting of the vagus nerve to reduce acid secretion in the stomach
VAGOTOMY
45
A sharply defined break in the continuity of the tissue involving the mucosa, submucosa and muscular layers of the digestive tract exposed to acid (Hydrochloric acid and Pepsin).
PEPTIC ULCER
46
Are sores that develop in the lining of the stomach, lower esophagus, or small intestine
PEPTIC ULCER
47
May be referred to as a gastric, duodenal, or esophageal ulcer, depending on its location
PEPTIC ULCER
48
formed as a result of inflammation caused by the bacteria H. pylori, as well as from erosion from stomach acids
PEPTIC ULCER
49
ulcers that develop inside the esophagus
ESOPHAGEAL ULCER
50
Type of peptic ulcer due to rapid diffusion of acid in the gastric mucosa
GASTRIC ULCER
51
Type of peptic ulcer that tend to heal with in few weeks
GASTRIC ULCER
52
Type of peptic ulcer that form within 1 inch of the pylorus of the stomach (area where gastritis is common)
GASTRIC ULCER
53
Type of Peptic Ulcer that is due to ↑ secretion of HCL acid in the gastric mucosa & ↑rate of gastric emptying
DUODENAL ULCER
54
Type of peptic ulcer that usually occurs within 1.5 cm of the pylorus
DUODENAL ULCER
55
GASTRIC OR DUODENAL? Pain that is present with food
GASTRIC
56
GASTRIC OR DUODENAL? Pain that is present in empty stomach
DUODENAL
57
GASTRIC OR DUODENAL? Vomiting relieves pain
GASTRIC
58
GASTRIC OR DUODENAL? Pain relieved with food intake and antacid
DUODENAL
59
GASTRIC OR DUODENAL? Antacid is ineffective
GASTRIC
60
GASTRIC OR DUODENAL? Melena
DUODENAL
61
GASTRIC OR DUODENAL? Hematemesis
GASTRIC
62
measures the amount of acid produced by the stomach. This test provides information about the functioning of the gastric mucosa
GASTRIC ANALYSIS
63
Diet for peptic ulcer
High protein, fat Low carb
64
Recommended position for peptic ulcer
Recumbent or semi-recumbent
65
Surgical management wherein the surgeon removes a portion of the stomach, usually the distal part (antrum), and then connects the remaining stomach directly to the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine)
BILLROTH 1
66
Surgical management wherein the surgeon also removes a portion of the stomach, typically the distal part and connect to the jejunum (the second part of the small intestine
BILLROTH 2

MEDICAL SURGICAL (14 decks)

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