Parasympathetic System

Question 1

Presynaptic stimulatory receptors

Answer 1

M1, some prostaglandins, beta2,AT1
In neuromuscular junction alpha and beta adrenergic
4-amino-pyridine
higher extracellular calcium

Question 2

presynaptic inhibition

Answer 2

synthesis: hemicholinium
storage: vesamicol
release: botulinum toxin
choline reuptake: hemicholinium
inhibitory receptors: M2, D2, alpha2, opioid, atp, adenosine, serotonine, neuropeptide Y

Question 3

direct acting cholinomimetics

Answer 3

carbachol
metacholine
bethanechol
cevimeline
varenicline
pilocarpine

Question 4

reversible cholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 4

edrophonium
physostigmine
neostigmine
distigmine
pyridostigmine
ambenonium
demecarium

Question 5

cholinesterase inhibitors in alzheimer

Answer 5

galantamine
rivastigmine
deonepezil

Question 6

Irreversible cholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 6

Organophosphate: parathion and malathion

Only drug used: echothiophate

Question 7

How to reactivate inhibited acetylcholinesterase

Answer 7

Pralidoxime

Atropine

Question 8

Muscarinic antagonist tertiary tropeins

Answer 8

Atropine
Scopolamine
Benztropine
Trihexyphenidyl
Homatropine

Question 9

Muscarinic antagonist quaternary tropeins

Answer 9

Ipratropium
Thiotropium
Methylatropine

Question 10

Muscarinic antagonist Synthetic drugs with tertiary N

Answer 10

Procyclidin (for Parkinson)
Biperiden (for Parkinson)
Pirenzepine: M1 selective for peptic ulcer
Tropicamide: mydriasis and cycloplegia
cyclopentolate: mydriasis and cycloplegia
Tolterodine: urinary incontinence
Solifenacine: M3 antagonist to treat urinary incontinence
Darifenacine: M3 antagonist to treat urinary incontinence

Question 11

Muscarinic antagonist Synthetic drug with quaternary N

Answer 11

Propantheline: for abdominal spasms