Parasites Flashcards
3 Infective Stages (and where you get each) of Toxoplasma
Oocyst - from CAT feces
Cyst (w/ trophozoites in it) - contaminated meat
Free trophozoites - congenitally
Malarial Lifecycle
Comes in as sporozoite, forms schizonts in liver, merozoites break out and cause pathogenic blood infection
Hypnozoite
Latent exoerythrocytic schizont that causes relapse, only in P. vivax
2 Different Rs on RBCs that the Malarial Species Bind to
Falciparum - Glycophorin A
Vivax - Duffy blood group Ags (which most Africans don’t have)
Hemozoin
Catabolic product from hemoglobin that backs up liver and spleen trying to break down and fucks up kidneys trying to excrete
Premunition Immunity
As long as you have a malarial infection you’re immune - so children, tourists, and pregnant women most likely to die
2 Malaria Medications
ACT - prophylactic for falciparum
Primaquine - kills vivax hypnozoite, but very deadly to people w/out G6PD so genetically test and give it when they get back
2 Stages of Amebiasis Agent
Infective cyst and pathogenic trophozoite
Stages of Trichomas Vaginalis
Just trophozoite - no cyst
Strawberry cervix
From trichomoniasis
Amastigote
Pathologic leishmania stage in humans
3 Kinds of Leishmaniasis (& symptoms)
Cutaneous - lesion at bite
Mucocutaneous - nonhealing nonpainful lesions at mucous memrane sites
Visceral - very fatal invasion of liver, spleen, and BM leading to hepatosplenomegaly and polyclonal B cell activation trying to kill lysed RBCs causing anemia
Cercariae
Infective stage of schistosomes, get from water
3 Syndromes of Schistosomiasis
Katayama fever - when eggs first laid, increase in AgAb complexes causes fluish symptoms and hepatosplenomegaly
Esophageal varices that can rupture and cause hematemesis - massive deadly internal bleeding
Cor pulmonale - hypertrophy of RV leading to heart failure due to granulomas formed in lungs from eggs getting washed there
Cysticercus (2)
Infective stage of tapeworms (beef and pork). Also pathological stage in cysticercosis
Cysticercosis
A taenia solium larval infection from shed eggs by humans so NOT zoonotic
It causes lesions in the brain and eye towards epilepsy
Cutaneous larva migrans - creeping eruption
Dog and cat hookworm that is usually self limiting cutaneous infection of foot
Toxocara
A dangerous cause of visceral larva migrans that pretty much all puppies are born with, they shit in the backyard and the eggs last for years until humans ingest
Aniaskis
A type of visceral larva migrans we get from eating the L3 larvae in oily fish
Acariasis Infective and Pathological Stages
Egg ingested
Larvae in lungs
Adults block up SI
