Paper3: Criminal Flashcards
1
Q
What did Lombrosso believe?
A
- that certain physical characteristics were more common in criminals than in non-criminals;
- a type of positivist criminology
2
Q
What characteristics did Lombrosso believe criminals have?
A
- atavistic form
- strong jaw
- heavy brow
- long arms
- flat nose
3
Q
What were the limitations to Lombrosso?
A
- there was no control group to compare to a non-criminal group.
- means that characteristics could be common or generalised to any population
- lack of technology meant that lombrosso only focussed on physical characteristics
4
Q
What was the aim to Raine et al?
A
- to examine the link between brain abnormalities and criminal behaviour. Their findings support the biological explanation of criminality.
5
Q
What was the method to Raine et al?
A
- Raine used PET scans on 41 criminals and 41 control participants
- criminals pleaded not guility reasons of insanity
6
Q
What were the results to Raine et al?
A
- reduction in glucose metabolism in the:
- prefrontal cortex
- superior gyrus
- corpus callosum
- asymmetric activities in hemispheres
7
Q
What were the strengths to Raine et al?
A
- control group was matched in age, gender
- increased validity
8
Q
What are the 4 components to the cognitive interview?
A
- report everything
- context reinstatement
- recall in reverse order
- recall from a different perspective
9
Q
What was the aim to Gielsman and Fisher?
A
- test cognitive interview in the field
10
Q
What was the procedure to Gielsman and Fisher?
A
- field experiment
- interviews with 16 detectives from florida
- some detectives were trained in CI and some weren’t
11
Q
What were the results from Gielsman and fisher?
A
- 63% more information obtained from CI officers
12
Q
What was the aim of Memon and Higham article?
A
- reviews the effectiveness of the cognitive interview
13
Q
What are the four themes in Memon and higham?
A
- Effectiveness of cognitive interview
- relationship between ci and another interview technique
- different measure of performance
- effect of training quality on interviewer performance
14
Q
Describe tHeme 1 findings?
A
- context reinstatement was the most effective
15
Q
Describe theme2 findings?
A
- cognitive interview is more effective than the standard interview
