Paper 2 : Biopyschology Flashcards
Central nervous system
Brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system
Somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Parasympathetic and sympathetic
Somatic nervous system
Contains sensory and motor neurones, used for reflexes
Sensory neuron
Carries signal from a receptor to the CNS
Cells body sticks out from its side
Lomg dendirtes
Short axon
Relay neuron
Carries signal from sensory neurone to motor neurone
Only found in CNS
Short dendrites, short axon
Motor neuron
Carries a signal from CNS to a muscle/gland
Short dendrites, long axon
Excitatory neurotransmitters
More likely to reach action potential and fire
Inhibitory neurotransmitter
Less likely to reach action potential and fire
Pituary gland
Growth hormones, ACTH
Regulates other hormones and glands
Adrenal gland
Adrenaline
Causes fight or flight response
Pineal gland
Melatonin
Tiredness
Ovaries
Progesterone and oestrogen
Promotes female sex characteristics
Testes
Testerone
Promotes male sex characteristics
Fight or flight response
- Stressor or threat is recognised by amygdala
- Amygdala alerts hypothalamus
- Activates sympathic nervous system
- Adrenal gland releases adrenaline
- Create fight or flight response
- Once threat has passed hypothalamus alerts parasympathetic nervous system and this calms the body down
What’s the role of cortisol
Long term stressor. Cortisol gives body extra energy but inhibits immune system
Localisation of function
Theory that different parts of the brain are solely responsible for certain tasks or abilities
Broca’s area
Responsible for producing speech
Motor cortex
Responsible for generating voluntary movement
Somatosensory cortex
Responsible for sensations