Paper 1 : Attachments Key Studies

Question 1

Meltzoffe and Moore

Answer 1

Found babies copied adults, filmed and slowed down

Question 2

Schaffer and Emerson

Answer 2

Longitudinal study with 60 Glaswegian babies
Sensitive responsiveness more important for attachment
Stages of attachment
75% of infants formed secondary attachment to father. 29% formed primary attachment

Question 3

Role of the father

Answer 3

Gross man said father was there for quality of play
Field said doesn’t matter what gender
Macallium and golombock said children growing up in homosexual or single parent families weren’t different to other children

Question 4

Lorenz

Answer 4

12 geese, 6 went with Lorenz 6 with mother goose. Sexually imprinted on Lorenz (permanent) critical period of 18 hours.
Guiton et al chickens imprinted on rubber glove, but later on was able to reproduce with other chickens

Question 5

Harlow

Answer 5

Rhesus monkeys
2 wire surrogate mothers, 1 dispensing milk, one with cloth
Monkeys preferred cloth monkey
Contact comfort
Critical period 30 months

Question 6

Ainsworth

Answer 6

Strange situation
Seven stages lasting 3 mins
Secure, resistant, avoidant

Question 7

Van Izjendoorn

Answer 7

Meta analysis 32 studies of strange situation
Avoidant = Germany
Resistant = Israel
Secure = All
18 done in USA

Question 8

Bowlby Maternal Deprivation

Answer 8

44 thieves interviewed with families
14 affectionless psychopaths
12 had suffered maternal deprivation

Question 9

Rutter et al

Answer 9

165 Romanian orphans compared to a control of 50 adopted British children
Before 6 months had high IQ
Disorganised attachment

Question 10

Zeanah

Answer 10

Strange situation
65% had disorganised attachment 19% secure
95 children