Paper 1 : Pyschopathology

Question 1

Failure to function adequately

Answer 1

Seligman came up with features of personal dysfunction : observer discomfort, unpredictability, maladaptive behaviour, irrationality

Question 2

Deviation from ideal mental health

Answer 2

Jahoda came up with criteria : postive mental well-being, positive attitudes towards self, self actualisation, autonomy, integration, accurate perception of reality, environmental mastery

Question 3

Beck

Answer 3

Negative triad, negative self schema
ICT - identify, challenge, test
CBT

Question 4

Ellis

Answer 4

ABC - activating event, belief, consequence
REBT
D dispute E effect
Behavioural activation

Question 5

Babyak

Answer 5

Behavioural activation
156 adult volunteers
4 month course of exercise/drugs/combination
All improved but exercise had lowest relapse rate

Question 6

March et al

Answer 6

CBT vs Antidepressants
327 adolescents
81% improvements for one
86% when both

Question 7

Grazioli and Terry

Answer 7

65 pregnant women
Those with faulty thoughts more likely to develop post natal depression

Question 8

Taylor

Answer 8

Found 230 genes linked with OCD

Question 9

Nestadt

Answer 9

MZ twins = 68%
DZ twins = 31%

Question 10

Cromer et al

Answer 10

54% of OCD had traumatic event

Question 11

Soomro

Answer 11

17 studies found SSRIS more effective than placebo 70% more effective

Question 12

SSRI example

Answer 12

Fluoxetine 20-60mg
Side effects of constipation, lack of sex drive, nausea

Question 13

Watson and Rayner

Answer 13

Little Hans
Loud bang when saw white rat
Became scared of white rat
Phobia generalisation

Question 14

Seligman phobias

Answer 14

Phobias could be evolutionary

Question 15

Sue et al

Answer 15

People can remeber their phobias

Question 16

Gilroy et al

Answer 16

3 45mij sessions of systematic desensitisation
At 3 and 33 months patients were less fearful

Question 17

Choy et al

Answer 17

Compared treatments for phobias, both effective but flooding slightly better

Question 18

David et al

Answer 18

REBT helps depression