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A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY > Paper 2 Behaviouralist Approach > Flashcards

Paper 2 Behaviouralist Approach Flashcards

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1
Q

Who?

A

Wilhelm wundt
J.B Watson
B.F Skinner

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2
Q

What was the method of introspection?

A

This involves reporting present experience through observations and breaking them down into thoughts, sensations, and images

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3
Q

What was wundt’s main objective?

A

To develop theories on language and perception (mental processes)

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4
Q

What are strengths to introspection?

A

Controlled conditions
All participants followed the same instructions

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5
Q

What are the weaknesses to introspection?

A

Data was subjective, so no laws can be established
Private mental processes can not be observed (not scientific)

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6
Q

What are assumptions of the behaviouralist approach?

A

Controlled and objective research
All behaviour is learnt
Everyone starts as a blank slate
Only interested in studying behaviour that can be measured & observed

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7
Q

What are the mains factors in classical conditioning?

A

Neutral stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus
Conditioned stimulus
Unconditioned response
Conditioned response
Extinction

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8
Q

Who introduced classical conditioning?

A

Pavlov 1927

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9
Q

Who introduced operant conditioning?

A

B.F Skinner 1953

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10
Q

Positive reinforcement?

A

When a reward is given, increasing the repeat of behaviour

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11
Q

Negative reinforcement?

A

When something is taken away increasing repeat in the behaviour

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12
Q

Positive punishment?

A

When something is given decreasing repeat in the behaviour

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13
Q

Negative punishment?

A

When something is taken away decreasing repeat in the behaviour

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14
Q

What are strengths to the behaviourist approach?

A

Well controlled research as experiments were observable in lab settings
Broke down behaviour into basic stimulus response establishing cause and effect relationship
Real world application

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15
Q

What is real world application?

A

When subject can be applied to real world behaviour + widespread application

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16
Q

How can operant conditioning be seen in real world application?

A

It is the basis of the token economy system

17
Q

What are weaknesses of the behaviourist approach?

A

Environmental determinlism (ignores free will and therfore influence of conscious decision-making)
Oversimplified so important influence could go unnoticed
Ethics - harsh cramped conditions for animals (starved)

18
Q

Why were animals used in experiments?

A

As they learnt in similar ways to humans - rats monkeys

19
Q

Nature or nurture?

A

Nurture

20
Q

What apparatus is used in operant conditioning?

A

Skinner box

21
Q

“Free will is an illusion”

A

B.F Skinner

A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY (7 decks)

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