Paper 1- Memory - Topic 2 - The Multi-Store Model Of Memory Flashcards
2.2 What does the multi-store model (MSM) describe?
How information flows through the memory system
2.2 According to the MSM, how many stores make up memory?
Three stores;
1. Sensory Register
2. STM
3. LTM
2.2 What is the role of attention in the MSM?
Attention is the key process for information to pass from sensory register to short-term memory
2.2 What is the duration of material in the sensory register?
Less than half a second
2.2 How is information coded in the sensory register?
Modality-specific
2.2 What types of memory are included in the sensory register?
Iconic Memory (Visual)
Echoic Memory (Auditory)
Other sensory stores for touch, taste, and smell
2.2 What is the capacity of the sensory register?
Very high, with over one hundred million cells in one eye
2.2 How long does information last in STM?
About 18 seconds unless rehearsed
2.2 What is the average capacity of STM according to the MSM?
Between five and nine items
2.2 What type of coding is primarily used in STM?
Acoustic coding
2.2 What is maintenance rehearsal?
Repeating material over and over to keep it in STM
2.2 What is the potential duration of LTM?
Up to a lifetime
2.2 How is information primarily coded in LTM?
Semantically
2.2 What is the capacity of LTM?
Practically unlimited
2.2 What must happen for information to be recalled from LTM?
It must be transferred back into STM through retrieval
2.2 What did Baddeley’s research indicate about STM and LTM/
They are different, as shown by confusion of similar-sounding words in STM and similar-meaning words in LTM
2.2 True or False: The studies supporting the MSM primarily used meaningful everyday materials
False
2.2 What evidence suggests there is more than one STM store?
Studies of patients like KF who had different recall abilities for spoken versus self-read digits
2.2 What is elaborative rehearsal?
Linking new information to existing knowledge for long-term storage
2.2 According to Craik and Watkins, what is more important than the amount of rehearsal?
The type of rehearsal
2.2 What limitation does the MSM have regarding memory stores?
It oversimplifies memory by treating STM and LTM as single stores
2.2 What did Atkinson and Shiffrin base the MSM on?
Research evidence available at that time showing STM and LTM as single stores
