Paper 1- Memory - Topic 2 - The Multi-Store Model Of Memory

Question 1

2.2 What does the multi-store model (MSM) describe?

Answer 1

How information flows through the memory system

Question 2

2.2 According to the MSM, how many stores make up memory?

Answer 2

Three stores;
1. Sensory Register
2. STM
3. LTM

Question 3

2.2 What is the role of attention in the MSM?

Answer 3

Attention is the key process for information to pass from sensory register to short-term memory

Question 4

2.2 What is the duration of material in the sensory register?

Answer 4

Less than half a second

Question 5

2.2 How is information coded in the sensory register?

Answer 5

Modality-specific

Question 6

2.2 What types of memory are included in the sensory register?

Answer 6

Iconic Memory (Visual)
Echoic Memory (Auditory)
Other sensory stores for touch, taste, and smell

Question 7

2.2 What is the capacity of the sensory register?

Answer 7

Very high, with over one hundred million cells in one eye

Question 8

2.2 How long does information last in STM?

Answer 8

About 18 seconds unless rehearsed

Question 9

2.2 What is the average capacity of STM according to the MSM?

Answer 9

Between five and nine items

Question 10

2.2 What type of coding is primarily used in STM?

Answer 10

Acoustic coding

Question 11

2.2 What is maintenance rehearsal?

Answer 11

Repeating material over and over to keep it in STM

Question 12

2.2 What is the potential duration of LTM?

Answer 12

Up to a lifetime

Question 13

2.2 How is information primarily coded in LTM?

Answer 13

Semantically

Question 14

2.2 What is the capacity of LTM?

Answer 14

Practically unlimited

Question 15

2.2 What must happen for information to be recalled from LTM?

Answer 15

It must be transferred back into STM through retrieval

Question 16

2.2 What did Baddeley’s research indicate about STM and LTM/

Answer 16

They are different, as shown by confusion of similar-sounding words in STM and similar-meaning words in LTM

Question 17

2.2 True or False: The studies supporting the MSM primarily used meaningful everyday materials

Answer 17

False

Question 18

2.2 What evidence suggests there is more than one STM store?

Answer 18

Studies of patients like KF who had different recall abilities for spoken versus self-read digits

Question 19

2.2 What is elaborative rehearsal?

Answer 19

Linking new information to existing knowledge for long-term storage

Question 20

2.2 According to Craik and Watkins, what is more important than the amount of rehearsal?

Answer 20

The type of rehearsal

Question 21

2.2 What limitation does the MSM have regarding memory stores?

Answer 21

It oversimplifies memory by treating STM and LTM as single stores

Question 22

2.2 What did Atkinson and Shiffrin base the MSM on?

Answer 22

Research evidence available at that time showing STM and LTM as single stores