Paper 2 - Approaches In Psychology - Topic 4 - Learning Approaches: Social Learning Theory Flashcards
What is Social Learning Theory?
SLT proposes that people learn through observation and imitation of others, not just through direct experience
What is vicarious reinforcement?
Vicarious reinforcement occurs when an individual observes the behaviour of others and imitates it if the behaviour is seen to be rewarded rather than punished
What are the four mediational processes identified by Bandura?
- Attention - Noticing behaviours
- Retention - Remembering behaviours
- Motor Reproduction - Ability to perform behaviours
- Motivation - Will to perform behaviours
What is the role of identification in SLT?
Identification is when individuals, especially children, are more likely to imitate people they identify with, known as role models
What is the significance of cognitive factors in SLT?
SLT recognises the importance of cognitive factors in learning, suggesting that humans and animals store information about others’ behaviours to inform their own actions
What is a criticism of SLT regarding biological factors?
SLT has been criticised for under-emphasising the influence of biological factors on social learning, despite Bandura’s acknowledgment of natural biological differences
What is a limitation of the research methods used in SLT?
Many ideas in SLT were developed through lab studies, which can be criticised for their contrived nature and potential demand characteristics
How does SLT explain cultural differences in behaviour?
SLT principles, such as modelling and reinforcement, can explain how children learn from others and how cultural norms are transmitted within societies
What is reciprocal determinism in SLT?
Reciprocal determinism suggests that individuals are not only influenced by their environment but also exert influence on it through their chosen behaviours
