Pain

Question 1

Define acute pain?

Answer 1

Short pain
Less than 12 weeks

Question 2

Define chronic pain?

Answer 2

Continuous long term pain
More than 12 weeks

Question 3

Define nociceptive pain?

Answer 3

Pain arises damage non-neuronal

Question 4

Define neuropathic pain?

Answer 4

Pain caused by damage nervous system

Question 5

Where does first order neuron enter?
Ipsi or contra?
Synapse?

Answer 5

Enters spinal cord through spinal nerve or brainstem Through trigeminal nerve
Ipsilateral
Synapses with second order neuron

Question 6

Where is second order neuron located?
Ipsi or contra?

Answer 6

Cell body located in the spinal cord/brainstem
DECUSSATES and ascends to the thalamus
Contra

Question 7

Which neuron decussates?

Answer 7

Second order

Question 8

Where is third order neuron located?
Where do axons project?

Answer 8

Cell body located within thalamus
Axons project to somatosensory cortex

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

What neurons sense pain?

Answer 10

Nociceptors

Question 11

Function of nociceptors?

Answer 11

Sensory neurons sense pain

Question 12

Give location nociceptors externally and internally?

Answer 12

Externally- skin, cornea, mucosa
Internally- viscera, joints, muscles, connective tissue

Question 13

What causes hyperalgesia (reduce nociceptive action) pain? (2)

Answer 13

Bradykinin and prostaglandin

Question 14

What are two type of afferent fibres in nociceptors?

Answer 14

Alpha delta fibres
C fibres

Question 15

Function alpha delta fibres?
Myelinated?
Fast or slow
What neurotransmitter released?

Answer 15

Carries touch, pressure and temperature information
Thinly myelinated
Fast
Glutamate

Question 16

Function C fibres?
Myelinated?
Fast or slow
What neurotransmitter released?

Answer 16

Carry pain, temp, touch, pressure
Unmyelinated
Slow
Glutamate and substance P

Question 17

Effect substance P?

Answer 17

Peptide neurotransmitter and vasodilator
Remains bound to receptors for a longer time
Causing long-lasting pain

Question 18

What order neurons are alpha delta and c?

Answer 18

First order
Synapse grey matter

Question 18

What order neurons are alpha delta and c?

Answer 18

First order
Synapse grey matter

Question 19

State 5 types UMN?

Answer 19

Thermal
Mechanical
Chemical
Sleeping (injury)
Polymadal

Question 20

Examples of chemical motor neuron?

Answer 20

Capsaicin- taste spicy food

Question 21

What are polymadal UMN? Location

Answer 21

Response thermal, mechanical and chemical stimuli
Found skin

Question 22

Define analgesia?

Answer 22

Suppression pain without effects on consciousness