Brain regions and function 1 Flashcards
Function of frontal lobe?
Voluntary movement contralateral side
Function Brocas area?
Speech and writing
What area responsible though, reasoning, memory?
Brodmann areas 44 and 45
What can damage to Brodmann areas lead to?
Aphasias
Function parietal lobe?
Recieve and interpret sensations
Pain, touch, pressure and proprioception
Function temporal lobe?
Memory and emotion
Wernickes area- understand language
Where is brocas area located?
Frontal lobe
Where is wernickes area located?
Temporal lobe
Function of wernicks area?
Understand language
What does damage to wernickes area cause?
Difficulty understanding written and spoken language
Speech fluid but contain unnecessary words
What does damage to brocas area cause?
Broca’s aphasia
Difficulty forming words and producing speech
Don’t struggle with comprehension
Patient speaks fluently but can’t understand spoken language? What damaged?
Wernickes damage
Temporal lobe damage
Patient difficulty forming words and producing speech but do not struggle with comprehension? Prognosis
Brocas damage
Frontal lobe damage
Function occipital lobe?
Understand visual images
Function thalamus
Sensation relay through (except olf)
Where is pain percieved?
Insula
What is function of cingulate gyrus?
Where located?
Emotional response to pain
Medial aspect of the cerebral hemispheres
Function Periaqueductal Grey?
Recieve input somatosensory cortex
Descending pathway
High conc opioid receptors
Substance P- reduce pain
Where is high presence opioid receptors?
Periaqueductal Grey
How do opiods work? Examples?
Morphine, codeine, oxycodone
Activate opioid receptors
Substance P released- reduced pain sensations
How do opiods work? Examples?
Morphine, codeine, oxycodone
Activate opioid receptors
Substance P released- reduced pain sensations
Where is primary motor cortex located?
Pre-central gyrus of the frontal lobe
What controls controlled movement?
Primary motor cortex
Frontal lobe
Is controlled movement contra or ipsilateral?
Contralateral
Where is primary somatic sensory cortex located?
Postcentral gyrus
What are and where are basal ganglia located?
Group nuclei
Cerebral hemisphere
Label
Are basal ganglia inhib or excit?
Inhib
Function of basal ganglia? (4)
Connects inputs of the brain
Facilitates purposeful behaviour and movement
Inhibits unwanted movement
Controls posture and movement
What are 2 disorders of basal ganglia?
Parkinsons- lack dopamine
Huntingtons- excess dopamine
What is caused by lack of dopamine?
Parkinsons
What is caused by excess dopamine?
Huntingtons
Name 2 psychiatric disorders?
OCD
ADHD
What causes Parkinson’s disease?
Symptoms?
Treatment?
Loss dopamine in substantia nigra
Spasticity, tremor
Treat- L-dopa- converted into dopamine by serotonin
