Pain 1

Question 1

Center surround structure of receptive field

Answer 1

Critical for lateral inhibition to occur

Question 2

Lateral Inhibition

Answer 2

Perception of the Edges of stimulus

Question 3

Center surround receptor field

Answer 3

Precise localization sensation (determining the location of the stimulus)

Question 4

Dorsal Column- Medial Lemniscal pathway

Answer 4

Somatic Touch
- from peripheral to brain

Question 5

In medulla

Answer 5

dorsal column nuclei, CROSSES midline and forms medial lemniscus

Question 6

Medial Lemniscus Fibers

Answer 6

Travel up to the thalamus, synapsing in the ventral posterior nuclei

Question 7

Thalamic Axons

Answer 7

Ascend to primary somatosensory cortex.

Question 8

Primary Somatosensory Cortex divides into

Answer 8

3a, 3b, 1,2

Question 9

3 a and 3b

Answer 9

Sends and receives info to 1 and 2

Question 10

3b

Answer 10

Touch information

Question 11

1

Answer 11

Texture

Question 12

2

Answer 12

Size and Shape

Question 13

Homunculus

Answer 13

Shows a mans body size proportional to cortical representation .

Question 14

Secondary Somatosensory Cortex (SII)

Answer 14

• object Recognition
• Discern texture, shape, and size
• Sends projections to the posterior parietal cortex, premotor cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus.

Question 15

Oral Somatosensation

Answer 15

Tooth Pulp and Periodontal ligament

Question 16

Tooth Pulp

Answer 16

Pain Receptors

Question 17

Periodontal Ruffini endings

Answer 17

• Sensory info about tooth position.
• Forces to facilitate reflex jaw activity during chewing.

Question 18

Heat Pain Receptor

Answer 18

TRPV1 & TRPV2
- 1 is activated by capsaicin (Hot peppers)

Question 19

Warm Receptor

Answer 19

TRPV3 & TRPV4

Question 20

Cool Receptor

Answer 20

TRPM8
- Activated by menthol in mint oil

Question 21

Cold Pain Receptor

Answer 21

TRPA1
- Activated by irritating compounds (Mustard Oil)

Question 22

Nociceptive Substances

Answer 22

Substance P and CGRP Calcitonin gene related peptides

Question 23

Substance P activates

Answer 23

immune cells

Question 24

Mast Cells and Neutrophils release

Answer 24

PGE2, Bradykinin, histamine

Question 25

Macrophages release

Answer 25

Growth Factors, Cytokins

Question 26

CGRP and Substance P

Answer 26

Cause Vasodilation

Question 27

Globulin and Protein Kinases

Answer 27

most active pain producing substances

Question 28

Arachidonic Acid

Answer 28

metabolizes into prostaglandin and cytokines

Question 29

Hyperalgesia

Answer 29

Normally painful stimuli, elicits greater intensity

Question 30

Allodynia

Answer 30

Normal stimuli are perceived as painful (light touch warmth)
Example- Sunburn

Question 31

Central Sensitization

Answer 31

Increased responsiveness of nociceptive neurons in the central nervous system.
- Over activation of NMDA receptors

Question 32

Adelta fibers

Answer 32

Thinly-myelinated
Faster conducting
5-40 m/sec
“Fast” pain
(sharp, pricking, localized)
Thermal or mechanical
Small receptive fields
Good for pain localization and triggering immediate protective reflexes

Question 33

C fibers

Answer 33

Unmyelinated
Slower conducting
0.5-2 m/sec
“Slow” pain (diffuse, burning)
Thermal, mechanical, chemical
Large receptive fields
Poor localization & dull pain sensation