Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science 3x > P1 (physic)(book) > Flashcards

P1 (physic)(book) Flashcards

Generating electricity

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the units for energy?

A

Joules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many energy stores are there?

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many pathways are there?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the 4 pathways
give an example for each

A

Electrical (electricity)
Mechanical (forces)
Radiation (light and other waves)
Heating (temperature)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the conservation of energy?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred from one store to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define work

A

The energy required for a force to move an object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the equation for work?

A

Work=force x distance
Joules (J) = newton’s (N) x metres (m)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the 8 energy stores

A

Kinetic
Gravitational potential
Thermal
Elastic potential
Nuclear
Magnetic
Chemical
Electrostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Definition of kinetic energy

A

Energy of a moving object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Definition of gravitational potential Energy

A

Energy of an object at height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Definition of thermal Energy

A

Energy due to temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Definition of elastic potential Energy

A

Energy stored when a object is stretched or squashed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Definition of nuclear energy

A

Energy stored by the nucleus of an atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Definition of chemical Energy

A

The energy stored in fuels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Definition of electrostatic energy

A

The energy stored when two charges interact with each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define power

A

The rate at which energy is transferred
The energy transferred (J) each second (s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the equation to calculate power?

A

Power = energy ÷ time
(Watts) = (joules) ÷ (second)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Write the symbol equation for energy

A

E=P x t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the equation for total cost ?

A

Total cost = units of kWh used x cost per unit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Write the equation for gravitational potential energy

A

Ep = m x g x h
Gravitational potential energy = mass x gravitational field strength x height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the gravitational field strength on earth ?

A

9.8 N/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the gravitational field strength on the moon?

A

1.6 N/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Write the equation for kinetic energy

A

Kinetic energy = 0.5 x mass x velocity squared
Ek = 1/2 m v squared
Ek = 0.5 x m x v squared

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

If the mass doubles what happens to the kinetic energy ?

A

It also doubles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

If the v doubles what happens to the kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy quadruples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is Ek max equal to?

A

Ep max

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the Ep max equal to?

A

Ek max

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Define ‘efficiency’

A

The proportion of energy that is usually transferred in a process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

State the factors to increase efficiency

A

Aerodynamics → reduce friction
Streamline for water →reduce friction
Lubrication → reduce friction
Insulation → reduce heat loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Write the equations for efficiency

A

Efficiency = useful output energy transfer ÷ total energy transfer
Efficiency = useful output power ÷ total power
e=u ÷T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

State 2 advantages from using solar

A

No CO2
Reliable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

State 2 disadvantages from using solar

A

Doesn’t work at night
Take up a lot of space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is meant by ‘kilowatt hour’

A

The energy used by something with a power of 1kw (1000W) in a time of 1 hour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The kinetic energy stored by an object depends on what 2 things?

A

The mass of the object (m)
The speed the object is moving at

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The gravitational potential energy stored by an object depends on what 3 things?

A

The mass of an object (m)
The height the object is at (h)
The gravitational field strength around the object (g)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is meant by ‘dissipation’?

A

Energy wasted during an energy transfer (almost always transferred to the thermal energy store of the surroundings)

37
Q

What is the maximum possible efficiency? (As a percentage and as a number)

A

100% or 1

38
Q

Should insulation have a high or low thermal conductivity?

A

Low
The lower it is the less heat it will conduct

39
Q

What are the fossil fuels?

A

Coal
(Crude) oil
(natural) gas

40
Q

What non-renewable energy source is not a fossil fuel?

A

Nuclear

41
Q

What green house gases are released when fossil fuels are burnt?

A

Carbon dioxide
Sulphur dioxide
Nitrogen oxide
(Methane is released during coal mining)

42
Q

What does ‘non-renewable’ mean?

A

It cannot be replenished / it will run out

43
Q

What does ‘renewable’ mean?

A

It can be replenished/ it will not runout

44
Q

Name 6 renewable energy sources

A

Solar
Wind
Geothermal
Hydroelectric
Tidal
Biomass

45
Q

What are the units for velocity?

A

m/s

46
Q

Is coal renewable?

A

Non-renewable

47
Q

What is coal’s main use?

A

Electricity

48
Q

State 2 advantages of using coal?

A

Cheap
Stores a lot of energy

49
Q

State 2 disadvantages of using coal?

A

Releases CO2
Mining releases methane contributes to global warming

50
Q

Is (crude oil) renewable?

A

Non- renewable

51
Q

What is (crude) oil’s main use?

A

Transport (petrol etc.)

52
Q

Give 2 advantages of using (crude) oil

A

Easy to store and transport
Stores a lot of energy (small amount of oil needed)

53
Q

Give 3 disadvantages of using (crude) oil

A

Releases CO2
Oil spills can harm marine life
Lots of air pollution when burnt

54
Q

Is (natural) gas renewable?

A

Non-renewable

55
Q

What is (natural) gas’s main use?

A

Electricity & heating

56
Q

Give an advantage of using (natural) gas

A

Releases less CO2 than coal or oil

57
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of using (natural) gas

A

Release CO2
Can be dangerous (gas explosion)

58
Q

Is nuclear renewable?

A

Non-renewable

59
Q

What is nuclear’s main use?

A

Electricity

60
Q

Give 2 advantages of using nuclear

A

No CO2 released
Very efficient (tiny amount of fuel needed)

61
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of nuclear

A

Produces nuclear waste
Very expensive (to run and to dispose of waste)

62
Q

Is solar power renewable?

A

Renewable

63
Q

What is solar power’s main use?

A

Electricity

64
Q

Name 3 advantages of using solar power

A

No CO2 released
Not much Maintenance needed
Can be placed in remote locations

65
Q

Name 3 disadvantages of using solar power

A

Only works during the day
If light is low, they don’t generate much electricity
Solar panels take up large space

66
Q

Is wind turbine renewable?

A

Renewable

67
Q

What is wind turbine’s main use?

A

Electricity

68
Q

Give 2 advantage of using wind turbine

A

No CO2 released
Can be placed in remote locations

69
Q

Give 3 disadvantages of using wind turbine

A

Unreliable- its not always windy
Noise and visual pollution
Can kill birds

70
Q

Is hydroelectric (a dam) renewable?

A

Renewable

71
Q

What is hydroelectric (a dam) ‘s main use ?

A

Electricity

72
Q

Give 3 advantages from using hydroelectric (a dam)

A

No CO2 released
Can generate electricity 24 h a day

very quick start time

73
Q

Give 3 disadvantage of using hydroelectric (a dam)

A

Expensive
Visual pollution
Can cause flooding

74
Q

Is tidal renewable?

A

Renewable

75
Q

What is tidal’s main use?

A

Electricity

76
Q

Give 3 advantages of using tidal

A

No CO2 released
Can generate electric 24h a day
Very quick start time

77
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of using tidal

A

Expensive
Can damage sea-life

78
Q

Is geothermal (volcanic heat) renewable?

A

Renewable

79
Q

What is geothermal (volcanic heat) ‘s main uses?

A

Electricity
Heating

80
Q

Give 2 advantages of geothermal (volcanic heat)

A

No CO2 released
No fuel costs

81
Q

Give 2 disadvantage of geothermal (volcanic heat)

A

Only available in limited areas where there is sufficient heat underground
These ares can be dangerous (near volcanoes)

82
Q

Is biomass (burning wood) renewable?

A

Renewable

83
Q

What is biomass (burning wood) ‘s main uses?

A

Electricity
Heating

84
Q

Give 2 advantages of using biomass (burning wood)

A

Waste products can be turned into biofuel
Renewable - plants can be grown quickly for biofuel

85
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of biomass (burning wood)

A

New forests have less biodiversity
Creates air pollution when burned

86
Q

Which resources impacts global warming and what is the explanation?

A

Coal
Oil
Gas
Combustion of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide , greenhouse gas
Mining coal also releases big quantities of methane, a more powerful greenhouse gas

87
Q

Which resources impact acid rain and what is the explanation to it ?

A

Coal
Oil
Gas
Sulphur and nitrogen get are released when burning fossil fuels, producing sulphuric acid and nitric acid in clouds

88
Q

Which resource impacts the loss of habitats and what is the explanation to it?

A

Coal
Mining coal causes the destruction of large natural areas

89
Q

Which resource impacts oil spills and what is the explanation?

A

Oil
Failures in oil rigs can cause massive spills into the ocean, damaging marine life

Science 3x (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions