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Science 3x > B4 (biology) (booklet) > Flashcards

B4 (biology) (booklet) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name the 2 reactants in photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide
Water

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2
Q

Name 2 products formed in photosynthesis

A

Oxygen
Glucose

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3
Q

Write the word equation for photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide + water → oxygen + glucose

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4
Q

Write the symbol equation for photosynthesis

A

CO2+H2O →O2+C6H12O6

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5
Q

Describe what happens to the rate of photosynthesis as temperature increases

A

Rate of photosynthesis increases and then decreases

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6
Q

Describe what happens to the rate of photosynthesis as Light intensity increases

A

Rate of photosynthesis increases and then remains constant

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7
Q

State 3 limiting factors for photosynthesis

A

Light
Chlorophyll
Carbon dioxide

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8
Q

Name the plant used to investigate the effect of different factors on rate of photosynthesis

A

Elodea (pondweed)

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9
Q

How do you calculate the rate of photosynthesis of an aquatic plant?

A

Count the number of O2 bubbles produced in a minute

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10
Q

How can you more accurately, calculate the rate of photosynthesis of an aquatic plant?

A

Record volume of gas produced using a gas syringe

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11
Q

Which cells are adapted for increased photosynthesis?

A

Palisade cells

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12
Q

How are palisade cells adapted for increased rates of photosynthesis?

A

Lots of chloroplast and chlorophyll

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13
Q

Describe what happens to the rate of photosynthesis as carbon dioxide increases

A

The rate of photosynthesis increases, and then remains constant

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14
Q

State three limiting factors for photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide concentration
Temperature
Light intensity

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15
Q

In a variegated leaf, why do some parts appear white?

A

There is no chlorophyll

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16
Q

State 5 uses of glucose produced during photosynthesis

A

Respiration
Stored as insoluble starch
Stored as fat/ oils
Making cellulose
Making amino acids

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17
Q

State Two substances required for making proteins in plants

A

Nitrate ions and glucose

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18
Q

Which substance is used to test for the presence of starch?

A

Iodine solution

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19
Q

What colour will iodine solution turn int the presence of starch?

A

Blue/black

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20
Q

What colour will iodine solution turn if no starch is present?

A

Remains orange

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21
Q

Which substance is used to test for the presence of sugar?

A

Benedict’s solution

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22
Q

What colour will Benedict solution turn in the presence of sugar?

A

Red (lots of sugar)
Orange (some sugar)
Green (small amount of sugar)

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23
Q

What colour will Benedict’s solution turn if no glucose is present?

A

Remains blue

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24
Q

Which substance is used to test for the presence of protein?

A

Biuret’s solution

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25
Q

Which colour will biuret solution turn in the presence of protein ?

A

Purple

26
Q

What colour will biuret solution turn if no protein is present?

A

Remains blue

27
Q

Which substance is used to test for the presence of lipids (fats) ?

A

Ethanol

28
Q

What colour will ethanol solution turn in the presence of fats?

A

Creamy white

29
Q

What colour will ethanol solution turn if no fat is present?

A

Remains colourless

30
Q

Describe the relationship between a light’s distance from a plant and rate of photosynthesis (HT only)

A

Power ÷ distance squared (inverse square law)

31
Q

What is the name of respiration with oxygen?

A

Aerobic

32
Q

What is the name of the respiration without oxygen?

A

Anaerobic

33
Q

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

A

Oxygen+glucose → carbon dioxide+water (+energy)

34
Q

What is the balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O (+ATP)

35
Q

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

A

Glucose → lactic acid

36
Q

What is the balanced symbol equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

A

C6H12O6 → 2C3H6O3

37
Q

What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called?

A

Fermentation

38
Q

What happens to your breathing and heart rate when you exercise?

A

Increase

39
Q

What is the name of the main organ in the respiratory system?

A

Lungs

40
Q

What is the name of the sheet of muscle beneath the lungs?

A

Diaphragm

41
Q

What is the scientific name for the windpipe?

A

Trachea

42
Q

What is the scientific name for the air sac?

A

Alveoli

43
Q

The windpipe divides into two tubes when it reaches the lung. What are these tubes called?

A

Bronchi/bronchus

44
Q

State three uses of energy in organisms

A

Chemical reactions to build larger molecules
Movement
Keeping warm

45
Q

What is the effect of exercise on heart rate during exercises?

A

Increase

46
Q

What is the effect of exercise on breathing rate and breathing volume during exercise?

A

Increase

47
Q

Why does heart rate, breathing rate and breathing volume increase during exercise?

A

Supply muscles with more oxygenated blood

48
Q

State 2 effects of long periods of anaerobic respiration

A

Built up of lactic acid
Oxygen debt

49
Q

Where is the lactic acid broken down?

A

The liver

50
Q

How is lactic acid broke down?

A

Reacts with oxygen to convert to glucose

51
Q

Define oxygen debt

A

Amount of O2 required to break down Lactic acid

52
Q

How would the lung capacity of an athlete compare to a non-athlete?

A

Larger

53
Q

How would the resting heart-rate of an heart of an athlete compare to a non-athlete?

A

Lower

54
Q

Define metabolism

A

Sum of all reactions in a cell/body

55
Q

During metabolism, glucose is converted into which three substances?

A

Starch
Glycerol
Cellulose

56
Q

During metabolism, lipids are formed from which molecules?

A

1 molecule glycerol
3 molecules of fatty acids

57
Q

During metabolism, which substance are used to form amino acids?

A

Glucose
Nitrate ions

58
Q

State 2 ongoing processes that are part of metabolism

A

Respiration
Digestion
Protein synthesis

59
Q

Which type of respiration occurs if there is insufficient oxygen available?

A

Anaerobic respiration

60
Q

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast and plant cells

A

Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide

Science 3x (12 decks)

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