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Science 3x > B4 (biology) (book) > Flashcards

B4 (biology) (book) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

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2
Q

How is water entered into the plant? (By what process)

A

From its roots , root hair cells by osmosis

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3
Q

How does water get transported in a plant?

A

Water goes up a stem
Xylem through transpiration

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4
Q

Where does carbon dioxide enter and leave the cell?

A

diffuses Through the stomata

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5
Q

Which cell opens and closes the stomata?

A

Guard cells

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6
Q

What is the acronym for the uses of glucose?

A

C
R
O
P
S

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7
Q

What does CROPS stand for?

A

Cellulose - cell wall
Respiration
Oils + fats -nitrogen
Protein synthesis -(amino acid)
Starch

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8
Q

What is limiting factor in photosynthesis?

A

A limiting factor is a condition, that when in shortage, slows down the rate of a reaction.

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9
Q

What are the limiting factors for photosynthesis?

A

Light intensity
CO2 concentration
Chlorophyll
Temperature

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10
Q

What is the independent variable for investigating a factor on the rate of photosynthesis?

A

Factor
light intensity

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11
Q

What is the dependent variable for investigating a factor on the rate of photosynthesis?

A

The rate of photosynthesis

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12
Q

How do you find out the rate of photosynthesis?

A

Count the bubbles in a given amount of time
Collect the oxygen produced in a gas syringe in a given time

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13
Q

What are the control variables for investigating the rate of photosynthesis?

A

Keep the amount of time the same
Keep the other factors the same (same temperature , use LED lamp, it emits of less heat energy)
Species of plant
Mass of plant

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14
Q

How do you change the light intensity?

A

Change the distance of the lamp

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15
Q

What are organelles?

A

Part of a cell

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16
Q

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

A

Glucose+oxygen →carbon dioxide+water

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17
Q

What does aerobic mean?

A

With oxygen

18
Q

Where does respiration take place?

A

Mitochondria

19
Q

What is the point of respiration?

A

To release energy

20
Q

What is energy needed for?

A

Muscle contraction /movements
Growth
Keep warm
Active transport
Translocation

21
Q

What is the balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

A

C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 → 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O (energy, ATP)

22
Q

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?

A

Glucose →lactic acid (some energy)

23
Q

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi/fermentation?

A

Glucose → ethanol+carbon dioxide

24
Q

What is the balanced symbol equation for fermentation?

A

C6H12O6 →2C2H5OH+2CO2

25
Q

Why cant anaerobic respiration take place for a long period of time?

A

Lactic acid is toxic and can create pain and cramps in the muscle

26
Q

What does the body do to get rid of the lactic acid in the muscle?

A

Transfer the lactic acid into the liver and with oxygen it breaks down the lactic acid

27
Q

When does respiration take place?

A

All the time

28
Q

When does anaerobic respiration take place?

A

When there is a lack of oxygen in the cells

29
Q

How much energy is released during anaerobic respiration?

A

Little energy but it happens more quickly than aerobic respiration

30
Q

What are the changes to the body when exercising?

A

Heart rate increases (increase of blood flow,increase of oxygen+glucose,increase of respiration+energy released)
Increase of rate of reaction
Increase of breathe volume
Sweat
Temperature increase
Vasodilation

31
Q

What is Vasodilation?

A

Vasodilation is the widening of your blood vessels.

32
Q

Why is heart rate still high after exercising?

A

After exercising heart rate is still high because we need to repay the oxygen debt and for the lactic acid in the muscle to transfer the lactic acid to the liver and with oxygen to break the lactic acid

33
Q

What are protein made out of?

A

Amino acid

34
Q

What is protein synthesis?

A

The making of protein

35
Q

What is the role of an enzyme?

A

Biological catalysts
(To speed up the reactions)

36
Q

Define ‘metabolism”

A

The sum of all the chemical reactions that happen in an organism to change food into energy

37
Q

What is your metabolism regulated by?

A

Thyroid gland

38
Q

what does anaerobic mean?

A

Without oxygen

39
Q

Where does photosynthesis take place?

A

Chloroplast

40
Q

When does photosynthesis take place?

A

During the daylight hours

Science 3x (12 decks)

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