OVERVIEW OF SEPSIS/ BACTERIAMIA Flashcards
Septicaemia / bacteriamia
A _________________________ infection
Occur when a bacteria elsewhere in the body _____________________ of the lung ,urinary tract, skin abdomen
Bacteria toxin are carried thorough out entire body
SEPSIS , When _____________________________
Serious blood stream
enter the blood stream
a bacteremia triggers body responses
With complication of septicemia ,_____________ occurs through out the body causing _________ and block ___________ throughout the body result in organ failure
inflammation
blood clot
oxygen supply
When SEPSIS occur with ____________________, it is called septic shock
extremely low blood pressure
In septic shock, Blood pressure is low despite treatment with _______
inflammation triggered by __________ causing blood vessels to _________ leading to ___________
causes tiny clot in organs heart lung kidneys and brains
fluid
cytokines; dilate; hypotension
Features of sepsis
___________ or ___________
Weakness
___________
___________/ abnormally _______ white blood cells
Fever or hypothermia
Weakness
Tachycardia
Increase/ abnormally low white blood cells
DETERMINANTS of sepsis
LOW ______________
POOR _____________ COVERAGE
POVERTY
OVER CROWDING
_____________
ILLITRACY
CONFLICT/ POOR _____________
NATURAL DIASTERS
BREAST FEEDING RATE
IMMUNIZATION
MALNUTRITION
SANITATION
Sources of bactemia
____________ ‘
_______ infections BURNS
_______
_______ tract
Newborn Infections
_______ tract
Sources of bactemia
Pneumonias ‘
skin infections BURNS
ABDOMEN
Urinary tract Newborn Infections Genital tract
SEPSIS AND SHOCK
_______________________________( SIRS)
(Specific or Non specific?) inflammatory response to infection, burns and surgery and comprise of two abnormality one which must be ____________ or _______
________
________ rate
_________ function
peripheral _________
SEPSIS AND SHOCK
SYSTERMIC INFLAMAMTORY RESPONDSE SYNDROME
Non specific ;temp instability ; WBC
Body temp
Heart rate
Respiratory
W.B.C
Sepsis
__________ In presence of or result of __________
Severe sepsis: __________ plus __________ dysfunction
acute respiratory distress syndrome: ———— or more _______________
SIRS ; proven infection
sepsis ; Cardiovascular function
Two ; organ dysfunction
SEPTIC SHOCK
Septic shock: __________ with ______ dysfunction, hypotension bp < ____% centile for age
severe sepsis
CVS dysfunction
5%
_______ septic shock , _______ , shock compensated :Warm phase of shock will respond to fluids and pharmacologic medications
__________ or ___________ shock: late decompensation phase
lasting more than _______. despite vigorous therapy necessitating ___________ support
Early; warm
Cold or refractory
1 hr; vasopressin
Signs and features of SIRS
GENERAL PARAMETERS
Fever> _______
Hypothermia<______
Tachycardia ______ above normal
Tachypnoea
____________ state
Significant __________ or positive fluid balance> ______ml over 24hours
Hyperglycemia < 2 ______mmol/L or _____mg/dL in absence of diabetes Hypoglycemia < _____mmol/L in absence of metabolic compromise
38
36
2SD
Altered mental
oedema
20ml
6.67mmol/L ; 120mg/dL
2.75mmol/L m
Inflammatory parameters
Leucocytosis( white cell count >_______ /mm3)
• leucopenia ( white cel count <________/mm3
• Nrmal white cell with ______% immature forms bands
• Plasm CRP >_______
• Serum procalcitonin> ________ above normal value
•__________ mircoerythocyte sedimentation rate above Normal for age
12000
4000
10; 2SD; 2SD
elevated
Haemodynamic parameters
Arterial hypotension systolic bp <_____ below normal for age
Mixed venous oxygen saturation >_______%
Cardiac index > ____L/min/m2
2sd
70
3.5
Organ dysfunction parameters
Arterial hypoxaemia
Acute Oliguria<______m/kg for at least ________
Creatinine Increase of ______mg/dl
Coagulation abnormalities INR >_____, APTT >________
Ileus
Thrombocytopenia <_________
Hyperbilirubinaemia > _____mg/dL
0.5; 2hours
0.5; 1.5; 60 sec
100,000; 4
