OVERVIEW OF EXCERTORY SYSTEM Flashcards
what is excertion
excertion is the process of seperating waste from body fluids and eliminating the wastes from the body
most metabolic wastes are dissolved in solution and excerted by the excertory system (urinary system)
whats the excertory system
the excertory system is the system that produces urine in the kidneys and delivers them out the body.
the main functions include:
excertion of metabolic wastes
maintanence of watersalt balance to regulate blood presure
maintenance of acid base balance to regulate blood from pH
secretion of hormoens such as calcitriol(active vit d), erythropoietin (stim rbc production) and renin(induces secretion of aldosterone)
what are the organs of excertory system?
renal artery, renal vein, aorta, inferior vena cava
1. kidneys produce urine
2. urters transport urine
3. urinary bladder stores urine
4. urethra passes urine to ousside
what do kidneys do?
kidneys have 2 major blood vessles:
renal artery which delivers oxygenated blood to kidney
renal vein which drains deoxygenated blood from the kidney
many branches of renal artery and renal vein reach inside of kidney
blood flowchart
aorta > renal artery > afferent arteriole>glomerulus> efferent arteriole > peritubular capilliaries > venules> renal vein > inferior vena cava
what are the 3 regons in each kidney
renal cortex (outer), renal medulla (inner layer with cone shaped tissue masses, and renal pelvis with central spaces continous with ureter
what are nephrons
nephrons are microscopic tube filtiration units embedded within the renal cortex and extending into renal medulla
responsbile for filtering blood and creating urine
to perphone function they are organized into 3 diff regions including a filter, a tubule, and a collecting duct
what do nephron filter do
the bowmans capsule is the cap line formation at the top of each nephron and filters the blood
within each capsule, the afferent arteriole splits the glomerulus
- the walls of the glomerulus are imperemable to proteins, other large molecules and rbcs
- the main waste products of metabolism pass thru the walls of the glomerulus and proceed into bowmans capsule as filtered fluid
the bowmans capsule leads to a long tube that folds back on itself to perform a loop
this tubule is responsible for reabsorption of useful substances from the filtrate as well as secretion of excess substacnes and wastes into the filtrate
this tubule has 3 parts
proximal tubule, loop of henle and distal tuble
the nephron duct what it do
the tubule empties into a large channel called a collecting duct. the collecting duct functions as a water conservation device, reabsorbing water and some solutes form the filtrate passing thru
the filtrate that remains in the collecting duct is a suspension of water and various solutes and particles now called urine.
the solute and water reclaimed dring reabsorption are returned to the body via renal vein
