METABOLISM AND ENERGY

Question 1

WHAT IS METABOLISM

Answer 1

metabolism is all of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell, usually to transform matter and energy.
metabolism = anabolic and catabolic reactions.
in cells, these reactions are step by step processes called METABOLIC PATHWAYS

Question 2

catabolic reactions
and anabolic reactions

Answer 2

catabolic breaks large to small
anabolic requires energy and uses small to large

Question 3

types of energy

Answer 3

energy is the capacity to do work
there is kinetic energy which is energy in motion
and there is potential energy which is energy being stores and not used yet

Question 4

LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

Answer 4

thermodynamics is the study of energy changes in a system
1. energy CANNOT. be created or destroyed, it is passed around/ borrowed
2. during any proccess, the universe tends toward disorder/entropy

Question 5

DISORDER (S)

Answer 5

more order (less entropy) = less stable
less order(high entropy) = more stable
an example of this is glucose
glucose in a ring is more ordered
when it is broken down, it is less order and more stable

Question 6

when does (s) increase

Answer 6

solid –> liquid
liquid –> gas
complex –> smaller reactions

Question 7

what is free energy

Answer 7

as the energy increases, the energy avaiable to do useful work decreases
so free energy is energy that does useful work

Question 8

EXERGONIC REACTIONS

Answer 8

• energy is released
• the products have less free energy than the reactants
• prodcts have less potential energy than reactions
  -spontaneous

Question 9

endergonic

Answer 9

• energy is required
• products have more free energy than reactants
• products have more potential energy
• not spontaneous

Question 10

draw endergonic chart

Question 11

draw excergonic chart

Question 12

what is atp

Answer 12

it is the rpimary source of free energy(useful energy) in living cells
it is the energy released by catabolic reactions such as cellular respiration(excergonic) is captured in the molecule of atp and is used to power anabolic reactions in a coupled reaction.

Question 13

what are coupled reactions

Answer 13

cells use excergonic reactions to provide the energy needed to synthesize atp from adp and Pi.
cells then use the hydrolysis of atp to provide the energy for endegonic reactions