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FINALS - OBS, GYNAE, BREAST > ovarian pathology > Flashcards

ovarian pathology Flashcards

1
Q

what is ovarian torsion

A

partial or complete torsion on it’s supporting ligaments

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2
Q

what is adnexal torsion

A

ovarian torsion + fallopian tubes

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3
Q

RF ovarian torsion

A

mass/ repdoductive age // pregnant // ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

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4
Q

symptoms ovarian torsion

A

sudden deep colicky abdo pain // vomiting and distress // fever (if necrosis) // vaginal exam –> adenexal tenderness

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5
Q

invx + finding ovarian torsion

A

USS whirlpool sign

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6
Q

mx ovarian torsion

A

laparoscopy

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7
Q

what does ovarian endometroosis look like

A

chocolate cysts

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8
Q

what causes follicular cysts

A

when dominant cyst does not rupture // or non-dominant cyst fails to atresia // most common cyst

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9
Q

how do corpus luteum cysts present

A

intraperitoneal bleeding

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10
Q

what are the most common ovarian cysts

A

follicular, corpus luteum // dermoid (benign germ cell) // serous or mucinous cystadenoma

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11
Q

mx complex (multi-loculated) ovarian cysts

A

biopsied for malignancy

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12
Q

invx ovarian cyst

A

USS

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13
Q

symptoms ovarian cyst

A

pain on intercourse, bloating, bowel or bladder symptoms // rupture = pain, collapse, shock

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14
Q

dermoid cyst + symptoms

A

(germ cell) - contain skin, hair, teeth // age 30 // common torsion

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15
Q

premenopausal ovarian cyst mx

A

if <5cm repeat USS in 8-12 weeks (likely to be benign)

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16
Q

mx ovarian cyst postemenopausal women

A

cysts are unlikely so refer to gynae

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17
Q

what is Meigs syndrome

A

ascites + ovarian fibroma + pleural effusion

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18
Q

4 main type of ovarian tumours

A

surface // germ cell // sex stromal // mets

19
Q

types of ovarian surface tumour

A

serous cyst adenoma/carcinoma // mucinous cyst adenoma/carcinoma // brenner tumour

20
Q

most common benign ovarian tumour

A

serous cystadenoma (surface) (often bilateral)

21
Q

most common ovarian malignancy

A

serous adenocarcinoma (surface) (often bilateral)

22
Q

biopsy brenner tumour

A

coffee bean nuclei

23
Q

which ovarian tumour is assoc with psammoma bodies

A

serous cystadenocarcinoma (malignant surface tumour)

24
Q

types of germ cell tumours

A

teratome // dysgerminoma // yolk sac // choroicarcinoma

25
Q

types of teratoma

A

mature (dermoid) // immature (malignant) - contain teeth etc

26
Q

features dysgerminoma

A

high hCG, LSH, Turners

27
Q

features yolk sac tumour

A

secrete AFP

28
Q

features choriocarcinoma

A

raised hCG - from moles // often spread to lung

29
Q

most common malignant germ cell

A

dysgerminoma

30
Q

sex cord-stromal tumours

A

granulosa // sertoli-leydig // fibroma

31
Q

what does granulosa tumours secrete

A

oestrogen (malignant)

32
Q

symtpoms granulosa cell tumour kids vs adults

A

kids = precocious puberty // women = endometrial hyperplasia

33
Q

what do Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours secrete + symptoms

A

androgens –> masculising // assoc with Peutz-Jegher syndrome

34
Q

symptoms ovarian fibroma

A

pulling sensation in abdomen // meigs (ascites, fibroma, pleural effusion)

35
Q

common met to ovarian

A

krukenbery (GI –> mucin signet ring adenocarcinoma)

36
Q

peak incidence ovarian cancer

A

60

37
Q

RF ovarian cancer

A

BRCA1 or BRCA2 // many ovulations eg early menarche, late menopause, nullparity

38
Q

protective ovarian cancer

A

COCP

39
Q

symptoms ovarian cancer

A

vague - abdo distension + bloating, urinary urgency, satiety, diarrhoea

40
Q

tumour marker ovarian cancer

A

Ca125 (if >35ml –> USS) // not a screening test

41
Q

invx and diagnosis ovarian cancer

A

USS, diagnostic laparatomy

42
Q

mx ovarian cancer

A

surgery + platinum chemo

43
Q

prognosis ovarian cancer

A

80% advanced presentation // 45% 5 year

44
Q

at what age in the UK are children given HPV

A

12-13 year old girls and boys // all MSM under 45

FINALS - OBS, GYNAE, BREAST (27 decks)

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