gynae infection - viral Flashcards
who is susceptible to CMV
immunocompromised eg HIV, organ transplant
histology CMV
owls eye
congenital CMV symptoms
IUGR, blueberry muffin skin, microcephaly, deaf, encephalitis (seizures), hepatosplenomegaly
which type of HSV more likely causes cold sores vs genital
HSV1 = mouth // HSV2 = genitals
symptoms genital herpes
painful genital ulcers (dysuria + itch) // primary infection more severe eg headache, fever, malaise // inguinal nodes
invx genital herpes
NAAT (+ HSV serology)
mx genital herpes
saline bath, topical lidocaine // oral aciclovir
when is C section adviced with genital herpes
if primary attack at 28 weeks or later
mx for HSV gingivostomatits
oral aciclovir + chlorehexidine mouthwash
what causes genital warts
HPV 6 + 11
1st line mx genital warts
topical podophyllum (multiple, non-keritanised) or cryotherapy (solitary, keritanised)
2nd line mx genital warts
imiquimod
what cells are infected in HIV
CD4 cells
what is HIV seroconversion (primary HIV)+ when does it happen
when body reacts to virus and antibodies begin to form (may not be detected yet) // 3-12 weeks after infection
features HIV seroconversion
flu like eg sore throat, lymph, malaise, myalgia, arthralgia, diarrhoea, rash, mouth ulcer
when do HIV antibodies become positive
usually 4-6 weeks can take 3 months
how do you test for HIV antibodies
ELISA test + blot assay
when does HIV antigen usually become positive
1 week to 4 weeks
how is HIV diagnosed
combined p24 antigen + HIV antibody // positive on 2 separate occasions
how is testing for HIV contacts done
test at 4 weeks and again at 12 weeks
ART for HIV
3 total // 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhib drugs + 1 protease inhib OR a non-nuclease reverse transcriptase inhib
when should ART in HIV be started
as soon as diagnosis is confirmed
