breast - benign lesions Flashcards
causes nipple discharge
physiological // medications // prolactinoma // duct ectasia // cancer // papilloma
invx unexplained nipple discharge
examination + triple assessment
which breast imaging is preferred in women <40
USS
which breast imaging is preferred in women >40
mammogram
what is breast triple assessment
clinical + imaging + FNA (biopsy)
what age do breast cysts usually occur
perimenopause
symptoms breast cyst
smooth, discrete lump
mx breast cyst
FNA // if blood or refill –> biopsy or excision
symptoms fibroadenoma
african // mobile, form, smooth breast lump // breast mouse
mx breast fibroadenoma
if >3cm excise
what type of disease is fibroadenosis
fibrocystic disease
symptoms fibroadenosis
middle aged women // lumpy or hard breast // painful // worse before menstruation
symptoms sclerosing adenosis
fibrous changes –> breast lump or pain
invx slcerosing adenosis
mammogram can mimic carcinoma
radial scar vs complex sclerosing lesion
radial scar <9mm // sclerosing lesion ?9mm
who commonly gets fat necrosis
obese women or large breasts // follows local trauma (may be very non-descript) or warfarin therapy
symptoms fat necrosis
initially firm and round but develops into hard, irregular breast lump
invx fat necrosis
mammogram soap bubbles // may mimic breast cancer –> further investigation required
what is duct ectasia
dilation and shortening of terminal breast ducts
symptoms duct ectasia
common in menopause // tender lump around nipple // green, creamy discharge // nipple retraction
duct ectasia vs periductal mastitis
duct ectasia = older women // periductal mastitis = younger + smplers
who gets phyllodes tumour
40-50
symptoms phyllodes tumour
unilateral, slow growing
symptoms duct papilloma
no lumps or skin changes // bleeding from nipple
symptoms mastitis
breastfeeding women // painful, tender, hot breast // fever and malaise
1st line mx mastitis
keep breastfeeding // analgesia //
medical mx mastitis
oral fluclox 10-14 days (keep on breasfeeding)
orgnaism mastitis
staph A
what can mastitis progress too
abscess
symptoms breast abscess
tender, fluctuant mass
mx breast abscess
USS + drain
who is breast TB common in
affrican women
mx cyclical mastalgia
supportive bra // analgesia // if 3 months –> refer (bromocriptine or danazol)
what is galactocele
build up of milk in women who have recently stopped breastfeeding –> cyst (painless and no infection)
