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GA Lecture NVB > Outline 6: Shoulder > Flashcards

Outline 6: Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

Blood supply of shoulder

A

Branches of subclavian and axillary arteries

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2
Q

Shoulder muscles that are “direct”, trunk to humerus

A
  1. Pec major

2. Latissimus dorsi

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3
Q

Extrinsic shoulder muscles move (X) with respect to (Y)

A 
X = shoulder girdle
Y = axial skeleton
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4
Q

The anterior extrinsic shoulder muscles are:

A
  1. Pec minor

2. Subclavius

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5
Q

The posterior extrinsic shoulder muscles are:

A
  1. Trapezius
  2. Locator scapulae
  3. Rhomboids
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6
Q

Intrinsic shoulder muscles move (X) relative to (Y)

A 
X = free limb
Y = shoulder girdle
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7
Q

Intrinsic shoulder muscles include:

A
  1. Rotator cuff (SITS)
  2. Teres major
  3. Deltoid
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8
Q

Subclavius is an example of a (spurt/shunt) muscle

A

Shunt

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9
Q

Serratus anterior is which type of shoulder muscle?

A

Extrinsic

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10
Q

Shoulder abduction is initiated by:

A

Supraspinatus

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11
Q

Source of shoulder nerve innervation is (anterior/posterior) rami of spinal nerves (X) to (Y). This is formally termed (Z)

A

Anterior

X= C5
Y = T1
Z = Brachial plexus
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12
Q

How many shoulder joints? List them. Which isn’t REALLY a joint, and why?

A

4 shoulder joints:
Scapulothoracic, sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, glenohumeral

Scapulothoracic not really joint: no articulating surface

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13
Q

Glenohumeral joint connects:

A

Humerus to scapula

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14
Q

Sternoclavicular joint connects:

A

Clavicle to sternum

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15
Q

Acromioclavicular joint connects:

A

Scapula to clavicle

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16
Q

Scapulothoracic joint connects:

A

Scapula to rib cage

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17
Q

Muscles involved in scapula elevation:

A
  1. Levator scapulae

2. Upper fibers of trapezius

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18
Q

Muscles involved in scapula depression:

A
  1. Lower fibers of trapezius

2. Pec minor

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19
Q

Muscles involved in retraction of scapula:

A
  1. Rhomboids

2. Middle fibers of trapezius

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20
Q

Muscles involved in protraction of scapula

A
  1. Pec minor

2. Serratus anterior

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21
Q

Muscles involved in upward/downward rotation of scapula

A

Upward: trapezius (upper and lower fibers), serratus anterior

Downward: pec minor, levator scapulae, rhomboids

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22
Q

The sternoclavicular joint has how many major ligaments? Name ‘em.

A

3 total

  1. Sternoclavicular ligaments (anterior and posterior)
  2. Costoclavicular ligament
  3. Interclavicular ligament
23
Q

What is the fibrous capsule of the sternoclavicular joint attached to?

A

Clavicle, sternum, and articulating disk

24
Q

Blood supply of sternoclavicular joint:

A
  1. Clavicular branch of thoracoacromial trunk
  2. Internal thoracic artery
  3. Inferior branch of thyrocervical trunk
25
Q

Sternoclavicular joint is what type of joint?

A

Plane joint

26
Q

Sternoclavicular joint has how many joint spaces?

A

2

27
Q

Acromioclavicular joint has how many major ligaments? Name them.

A

2 ligaments

  1. Acromioclavicular
  2. Coracoclavicular
28
Q

The acomioclavicular ligament function:

A

Reinforces scapula

29
Q

Acromioclavicular joint blood supply

A

Acromial rete

30
Q

The Acromial rete stems from:

A

Acromial and deltoid arteries

31
Q

Acromioclavicular joint nerve innervation:

A

Suprascapular, axillary, pectoral nerves

32
Q

Acromioclavicular joint is which kind of joint?

A

Plane joint

33
Q

The glenohumeral joint is similar to which other joint?

A

Hip joint

34
Q

Ligaments of glenohumeral joint:

A
  1. Coracohumeral
  2. Glenohumeral
  3. Transverse
35
Q

Ligament that spans the intertubercular groove of the humerus:

A

Transverse ligament of glenohumeral joint

36
Q

Coracohumeral ligament specifically attaches to:

A

Coracoid process and tubercle of humerus

37
Q

95% of shoulder dislocations occur as result of movements in which direction(s)?

A

Anterior and inferior movements

38
Q

To add superior reinforcement to the shoulder joint, the (X) ligament attaches to which two structures to form the (Y) arch?

A

X = Y = coracoacromial

Connects coracoid process and acromion process

39
Q

Bursae in the glenohumeral joint is (above/under) acromion and (above/under) deltoids.

A

Under; under

40
Q

Blood supply of glenohumeral joint:

A
  1. Suprascapular artery

2. Two circumflex humeral arteries

41
Q

Glenohumeral joint nerve supply

A

Axillary and suprascapular nerves

42
Q

Muscles involved in shoulder flexion:

A

Pec major, biceps (short head), deltoid (anterior), coracobrachialis

43
Q

Muscles involved in shoulder extension:

A

Deltoids (posterior), triceps (long head), latissimus dorsi

44
Q

Muscles involved in internal rotation of shoulder:

A

Latissimus dorsi, deltoids (anterior), subscapularis, pec major, teres major

45
Q

Muscles involved in external rotation:

A

Infraspinatus, teres minor, deltoids (posterior)

46
Q

Dynamic stability of shoulder (GH) joint is maintained primarily by which muscles?

A

Rotator cuff

47
Q

Borders of the triangular space:

A

Teres minor (superior), teres major (inferior), long head triceps (lateral)

48
Q

Content(s) of triangular space:

A

Circumflex scapular artery

49
Q

Borders of quadrangular space:

A

Long head triceps (medial), teres minor (superior), teres major (inferior), and surgical neck humerus (lateral)

50
Q

Content(s) of quadrangular space:

A

PCHA and axillary nerve

51
Q

A lesion in suprascapular nerve at the suprascapular notch affects which muscle(s) and which movement(s)?

A

Muscles: supraspinatus and infraspinatis

Actions: can’t initiate abduction; compromised external rotation

52
Q

Lesion in the long thoracic nerve at ribs affects which muscle(s) and action(s)?

A

Serratus anterior; winged scapula and compromised upward rotation of scapula

53
Q

Lesion in axillary nerve by proximal humerus affects which muscle(s) and action(s)?

A

Teres minor and deltoids

Compromised external rotation, extension, abduction

GA Lecture NVB (12 decks)

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