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GA Lecture NVB > outline 13: lumbar plexus > Flashcards

outline 13: lumbar plexus Flashcards

1
Q

What are the nerve roots of the lumbar plexus

A

(Anterior rami of) L1-L4

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2
Q

The lumbar plexus generally innervates which muscle groups?

A
  1. posterior abdominal wall muscles
  2. anterior thigh muscles
  3. medial thigh muscles
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3
Q

Does the lumbar plexus innervate anything below the knee? If so, what?

A

yes; cutaneous to medial leg

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4
Q

where does the lumbar plexus form?

A

psoas major

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5
Q

what nerves are associated with the cremaster reflex?

A

ilioinguinal (sensory) and genitofemoral (motor)

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6
Q

What nerve(s) emerge(s) from the anterior border of psoas major

A

genitofemoral N

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7
Q

what nerve(s) emerge(s) off of the lateral border of psoas major

A 
subcostal N 
iliohypogastric N 
ilioinguinal N 
lateral femoral cutaneous N 
fermoral N
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8
Q

What is the nerve root of the genitofemoral N

A

L1-2

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9
Q

what does the genitofemoral N innervate

A
  1. cutaneous to genital region and proximal anterior thigh

2. cremaster muscle

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10
Q

nerve root(s) of subcostal N

A

T12

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11
Q

nerve root(s) of iliohypogastric N

A

L1

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12
Q

ilioinguinal nerve root(s)

A

L1

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13
Q

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve root(s)

A

L2-L3

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14
Q

femoral nerve root(s)

A

L2,L3,L4

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15
Q

what does ilihypogastric nerve innervate

A
  1. cutaneous to gluteal and lower abdomen

2. motor to lower abdomen

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16
Q

what does ilioinguinal nerve innervate

A
  1. cutaneous to inguinal (proximal medial thigh) region

2. motor to lower abdominals

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17
Q

what does the lateral femoral cutaneous innervate

A

cutaneous to anterolateral thigh (as far as knee)

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18
Q

what does the femoral N innervate

A
  1. psoas major and iliacus
  2. anterior compartment thigh muscles
  3. pectineus
  4. articular branches to hip and knee joints
  5. cutaneous
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19
Q

what are the cutaneous nerve branches of the femoral N

A
  1. anterior femoral cutaneous N

2. saphenous N

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20
Q

what does anterior femoral cutaneous N innervate

A

most of the anterior thigh

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21
Q

what does the saphenous N innervate

A

medial leg under knee

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22
Q

what nerve(s) emerge(s) from the medial border of psoas major

A

obturator N

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23
Q

nerve root(s) of obturator N

A

L2,L3,L4

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24
Q

what does the obturator N innervate

A
  1. adductor muscles (medial thigh muscles)
  2. obturator externus
  3. skin on medial mid-thigh
  4. articular branches to hip joint
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25
Q

Obturator externus is a muscle that (X) the hip. Functionally, it acts with muscles that have (Y) innervation, but it’s innervated by (Z).

A 
X = externally rotates
Y = sacral
Z = the obturator nerve
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26
Q

what are the roots of the lumbosacral trunk

A

L4-L5

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27
Q

(X) nerve root(s) contribute(s) to both lumbar and sacral plexi. What are its/their specific contributions?

A 
X = L4
Contributions: 
1. lumbosacral trunk 
2. obturator N (medially)
3. femoral N (laterally)
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28
Q

Where does the sacral plexus form

A

anterior surface of piriformis

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29
Q

what does the sacral plexus innervate

A
  1. posterior compartment thigh muscles
  2. buttock
  3. all of leg and foot below knee (except medial cutaneous leg)
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30
Q

what are the branches of the sacral plexus?

A 
superior gluteal 
inferior gluteal 
N to obturator internus
N to quadratus femoris 
branches to supply piriformis 
posterior femoral cutaneous 
pudendal 
sciatic
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31
Q

The sacral plexus branches emerge (superior/inferior) to piriformis. Name exceptions, if any.

A

inferior; exception: superior gluteal nerve

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32
Q

what does the superior gluteal nerve innervate

A

gluteus medius and minimus, tensor fascia lata

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33
Q

what does inferior gluteal nerve innervate

A

gluteal maximus

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34
Q

what does nerve to obturator internus innervate

A

obturator internus, and superior gemellus

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35
Q

what does nerve to quadrature femoris innervate

A

quadartus femoris, inferior gemellus

36
Q

what nerve innervates more surface area than other cutaneous N

A

posterior femoral cutaneous

37
Q

what does the pudendal nerve innervate

A
  1. sensory to external genitilia

2. perineum- skin and muscles

38
Q

The sciatic nerve is actually 2 nerves in a sheath, the lateral most is (X) and the medial most is (Y).

A 
X = common peroneal N 
Y = tibial N
39
Q

what is the sciatic nerve in between

A

greater trochanter of the femur and ischial tuberosity

40
Q

Which ligament is posterior to the pudendal N and N to obturator

A

sacrotuberous ligament

41
Q

Which ligament is anterior to pudendal N and N to obturator

A

sacrospinous ligament

42
Q

what does the tibial N innervate

A
  1. most posterior thigh muscles
  2. popliteal fossa branches
  3. ALL posterior leg muscles
  4. medial calcaneal (cut. heel)
  5. medial and lateral (cutaneous) plantar
43
Q

Which posterior thigh muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve?

A
  1. biceps femurs (long head ONLY)
  2. semitendinosus
  3. semimembranosus
  4. adductor magnus (posterior/extensor head)
44
Q

Does the common peroneal nerve innervate any posterior thigh muscles? If so, which?

A

yes; short head biceps femoris

45
Q

what are the branches of the tibial N in the popliteal fossa

A

medial sural cutaneous, muscular branches to gastrocnemius and plantaris, articular branches

46
Q

what is the action of most of the posterior leg muscles

A

plantar flexion

47
Q

T/F: Short head of biceps femoris shares its nerve innervation with one other thigh muscle.

A

False; common peroneal nerve has only one innervation in the thigh (short head biceps)

48
Q

what branches, if any, does the common peroneal N give off in the popliteal fossa?

A

fibular communicating branch

lateral sural cutaneous

49
Q

After passing through the popliteal fossa, the common peroneal nerve travels (X) and does what?

A

X = around the head/neck of fibula

Divides

50
Q

what does the common peroneal divide into

A

superficial peroneal

deep peroneal

51
Q

what does the superficial peroneal supply

A
  1. lateral compartment leg muscles (peroneus longus and brevis)
  2. cutaneous to lower anterolateral leg and dorsum of foot
52
Q

what does the deep peroneal supply

A
  1. recurrent branch to knee joint
  2. anterior compartment leg muscles (dorsal flexors)
  3. extensor digitorum brevis on foot
  4. cutaneous: wedge between toes 1 and 2
53
Q

Dorsiflexors are supplied by (X) nerve. Plantar flexors are supplied by (Y) nerve.

A 
X = deep peroneal 
Y = tibial
54
Q

what are the nerve roots of the common peroneal N

A

L4-5, S1-2

55
Q

what does the sural N innervate

A

lower posterolateral leg

56
Q

Difference(s) between the musculature on back of hand and the top of foot:

A

there are no muscles on the back of the hand, but extensor digitorum is on the top of the foot

57
Q

Nerve roots to superior gluteal nerve

A

L4-L5, S1

58
Q

Nerve roots to inferior gluteal nerve

A

L5, S1-S2

59
Q

Nerve roots to nerve to obturator internus

A

L5, S1-S2

60
Q

Superior gemellus is innervated by which nerve? And inferior gemellus?

A

Sup: Nerve to obturator internus
Inf: Nerve to quadratus femoris

61
Q

Nerve roots to nerve to quadratus femoris

A

L4-5, S1

62
Q

What innervates piriformis? Name the nerve roots as well.

A

Anterior rami S1-S2

63
Q

Nerve roots to posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

A

S1-S3

64
Q

Nerve roots to pudendal nerve

A

S2-S4

65
Q

Nerve roots to sciatic nerve

A

L4-L5, S1-S3

66
Q

The tibial nerve gives off an extensive network of branches in the (X). Are these branches muscular, cutaneous, or articular branches?

A

X = popliteal fossa

ALL (muscular, cutaneous, and articular branches are given off)

67
Q

what innervates the cutaneous middle front of thigh

A

anterior femoral cut N

68
Q

what innervates the lateral side of the thigh

A

lateral femoral cut N

69
Q

what innervates proximal anterior thigh

A

genitofemoral N (femoral branch)

70
Q

what innervates the proximal medial thigh

A

ilioinguinal N

71
Q

what innervates a little distally to the proximal medial thigh

A

cut branch of obturator N

72
Q

what innervates the middle of the posterior thigh

A

posterior femoral cut N

73
Q

what innervates the medial leg

A

saphaneous N

74
Q

what innervates the upper lateral leg

A

lateral sural cutaneous

75
Q

what innervates the lower posterior lateral leg onto top of foot and the lateral-most edge of foot

A

sural N

76
Q

what innervates the lower anterolateral leg and the whole top of the foot

A

superficial peroneal

77
Q

what innervates the wedge between the 1st 2 toes

A

deep peroneal

78
Q

what innervates the medial side of the bottom of your foot

A

medial plantar

79
Q

what innervates the lateral side of the bottom of your foot

A

lateral plantar

80
Q

what is the saphenous nerve a branch of

A

fermoral N

81
Q

what is the lateral sural cut N a branch of

A

common peroneal on popliteal fossa

82
Q

what is sural N a branch of

A

common peroneal comm branch and tibial Lateral medial sural cut

83
Q

what are the medial and plantar nerves branches of

A

tibial N

84
Q

what is the anterior femoral cut N a branch of

A

femoral N

85
Q

what is the lateral femoral cut N a branch of

A

directly off of lumbar plexus

86
Q

what is the obturator N a branch of

A

directly off of lumbar plexus

87
Q

what is the posterior femoral cut N a branch of

A

directly off of sacral plexus

GA Lecture NVB (12 decks)

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