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GA Lecture NVB > outline 14: Hip,glut,fem triangle, thigh > Flashcards

outline 14: Hip,glut,fem triangle, thigh Flashcards

1
Q

At the very tip of the head of the femur is the (X). Is this the attachment site for anything?

A

X = Fovea

Yes - ligamentum teres

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2
Q

T/F: a cross-section of the femur would look round, similar to that of the humerus.

A

False - pointy projection (linea aspera) on femur cross-section

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3
Q

The greater trochanter is distinctly (medial/lateral).

A

Lateral

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4
Q

The trochanteric fossa of the femur is an attachment site for which group(s) of muscles?

A

Many hip rotators

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5
Q

The patella articulates on the (X) of the (anterior/posterior) femur.

A

X = patellar surface

Anterior

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6
Q

The femoral angle of inclination is between (X) and (Y). It’s typically (Z) degrees.

A 
X = the neck
Y = the shaft
Z = 125
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7
Q

The femoral angle of the shaft is between (X) and (Y). It’s typically (Z) degrees.

A 
X = the vertical
Y = the shaft
Z = 10
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8
Q

The femoral angle of torsion is between (X) and (Y). It’s typically (Z) degrees.

A 
X = the neck
Y = the frontal plane
Z = 12
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9
Q

Femoral fractures can occur in which locations?

A
  1. Neck
  2. Below the trochanters
  3. Near the condyles
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10
Q

A elderly lady walks in with a hip fracture. You notice that one leg appears shorter than the other. Because you’re so smart and took/aced gross anatomy, you suspect the fracture is located (X) because….

A

X = Below the trochanters

Muscles spasm (due to the break) and pull up on the proximal segment

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11
Q

A femoral fracture located (X) would be similar to fractures found in the humerus.

A

X = near the condyles

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12
Q

Which type of femoral fracture can lead to damage to the (X) artery, which is a continuation of the femoral artery.

A

X = Popliteal

A fracture near the condyles

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13
Q

Superficial fascia in the gluteal region is essentially:

A

fat deposits

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14
Q

What’s the deep fascia in the gluteal region?

A
  1. Fascia lata

2. Iliotibial tract/band (a specialization of fascia lata)

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15
Q

What are the cutaneous nerves of the gluteal region?

A
  1. Cluneal
  2. Subcostal
  3. Iliohypogastric
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16
Q

The cluneal nerve is (muscular/cutaneous) to the (X) region. It comes from the (anterior/posterior) rami of:

A

Cutaneous
X = gluteal
Posterior rami of lumbar and sacral spinal nerves

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17
Q

The short lateral hip rotators are (superficial/deep) to gluteus maximus.

A

Deep

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18
Q

T/F: Gluteus maximus is a hip abductor.

A

False

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19
Q

T/F: Obturator externus is a lateral hip rotator that resides in the adductor compartment.

A

True

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20
Q

Superior and inferior gemellus are what kind of muscles?

A

Short lateral hip rotators

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21
Q

Tensor fascia lata, with the help of the (X) muscle, does what to the knee?

A

X = gluteus maximus

Stabilizes the extended knee

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22
Q

The pendulum test is a direct test for (X) muscle(s), which makes it an indirect test for (Y) nerve(s).

A 
X = gluteus medius and gluteus minimus
Y = superior gluteal nerve
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23
Q

The pelvic tilt is a (normal/reverse) action for:

A

reverse; gluteus medius and minimus

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24
Q

Superior gemellus travels from the (X) to the (Y).

A 
X = ischial spine
Y = trochanteric fossa
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25
Q

Inferior gemellus travels from (X) to (Y).

A 
X = the ischial tuberosity
Y = the trochanteric fossa
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26
Q

T/F: The hip joint is the second-most joint affected by disease.

A

False - it’s the joint most affected by disease

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27
Q

List all possible movements at the hip joint.

A
  1. Flex/extend
  2. Abd/Add
  3. Med/Lat rotation
  4. Circumduction
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28
Q

Flexion at the hip joint is limited to about (X) degrees. Extension is limited to about (Y) degrees.

A 
X = 100
Y = 5
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29
Q

What limits hip flexion?

A

Length of hamstring

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30
Q

What limits hip extension?

A

A close-packed iliofemoral ligament

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31
Q

Hip abduction/adduction is limited by:

A

muscle length

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32
Q

One can get good med/lat rotation at the hip if the hip is:

A

flexed

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33
Q

The intertrochanteric line is on the (anterior/posterior) femur. Is the intertrochanteric crest on the same side?

A

Anterior; no, crest is posterior

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34
Q

The quadrate tubercle is on the (anterior/posterior) femur.

A

Posterior

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35
Q

The gluteus (X) muscle attaches to (Y) on the (anterior/posterior) femur.

A 
X = Maximus
Y = gluteal tuberosity

Posterior

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36
Q

The adductor tubercle, an attachment site for (X), is toward the (proximal/distal) end of the femur.

A

X = adductor Magnus (posterior/extensor head)

Distal

37
Q

What factors increase hip joint stability?

A
  1. Shape of articulating surfaces
  2. Joint capsule
  3. Acetabular labrum
  4. Ligaments
38
Q

Gap in labrum is called:

A

Acetabular notch

39
Q

Joint capsule in hip joint connects (X) to (Y).

A

X = intertrochanteric line and crest and trochanters of femur

Y = acetabular labrum

40
Q

Name the hip joint ligaments:

A
  1. Iliofemoral
  2. Ischiofemoral
  3. Pubofemoral
41
Q

The Y ligament of Bigelow is the:

A

Iliofemoral ligament

42
Q

The iliofemoral ligament connects:

A

AIIS to intertrochanteric line

43
Q

The pubofemoral ligament connects:

A

The pubic rim of acetabulum to the intertrochanteric line

44
Q

The ischiofemoral ligament connects:

A

The ischial tim of acetabulum to the trochanteric fossa

45
Q

Which ligament(s) in hip joint protect(s) in extension

A

All three (iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, pubofemoral)

46
Q

Which ligament(s) in hip joint protect(s) in abduction

A

Ischiofemoral and pubofemoral

47
Q

Ligamentum Teres connects:

A

Acetabular notch to the fovea of the femural head

48
Q

Which ligament spans the acetabular notch?

A

Transverse acetabular ligament

49
Q

Nerve supply to hip joint:

A

Lumbar plexus (Obturator and femoral nerves) and sacral plexus (gluteal nerves)

50
Q

Blood supply to hip joint:

A

Medial circumflex femoral, Obturator, and gluteal arteries

51
Q

Superior border of femoral triangle:

A

Inguinal ligament

52
Q

Lateral border of femoral triangle:

A

Sartorius

53
Q

Medial border of femoral triangle:

A

Adductor longus

54
Q

Lateral floor of femoral triangle:

A

Iliosoas

55
Q

Medial floor of femoral triangle:

A

Pectineus

56
Q

Roof of femoral triangle:

A

Skin, superficial and deep fascia

57
Q

Contents of femoral triangle (from medial to lateral):

A

Lymph, empty space, femoral vein, artery, nerve

58
Q

In the femoral triangle, the (X) branches right away.

A

X = femoral nerve

59
Q

Does the femoral artery give off branches in the femoral triangle?

A

Yes - femoral profunda artery

60
Q

(X) fascia extends into the femoral triangle, becoming what’s called the (Y).

A 
X = transversalis 
Y = femoral sheath
61
Q

How many compartments in the femoral sheath? Name them.

A

3; lateral, intermediate, medial

62
Q

The femoral canal is which compartment of the femoral sheath?

A

Medial

63
Q

Femoral artery is in which compartment of femoral sheath?

A

Lateral

64
Q

Femoral nerve is in which compartment of femoral sheath?

A

None

65
Q

Femoral vein is in which compartment of femoral sheath?

A

Intermediate

66
Q

Femoral canal contents:

A

Empty space and lymph

67
Q

Proximal end of femoral canal is formally termed:

A

Femoral ring

68
Q

Describe a femoral hernia.

A

Abdominal contents pass through femoral ring and canal

69
Q

T/F: femoral hernias are very rare, but are equally common in men and women.

A

False - occur more often in women

70
Q

Contents of adductor canal:

A
  1. Femoral artery
  2. Femoral vein
  3. Saphenous nerve
  4. Nerve to vastus medialis
71
Q

What are the types of thigh fascia?

A
  1. Superficial
  2. Deep
  3. Intermuscular septa
72
Q

Deep fascia in the thigh includes:

A

Fascia lata and IT band

73
Q

Intermuscular septa can be further categorized into:

A

Medial and lateral septa

74
Q

The quadriceps tendon is formed by:

A

Tendons of the 4 quad muscles

75
Q

What are the four quad muscles?

A
  1. Rectus femoris
  2. Vastus lateralis
  3. Vastus medialis
  4. Vastus intermedius
76
Q

Which quad muscle(s) cross(es) the hip joint?

A

Rectus femoris only

77
Q

The patellar ligament is essentially (X), extending from (Y) to (Z).

A 
X = the quad tendon
Y = the patella
Z = the tibial tuberosity
78
Q

Articularis genu is in which compartment of thigh?

A

Anterior

79
Q

Articularis genu is (X) and inserts onto (Y).

A

X = a subset of vastus intermedius fibers

Y = joint capsule

80
Q

The tailor muscle.

A

Sartorius

81
Q

The (X) ligament in the posterior compartment of thigh is derived from the (Y) tendon and functions to:

A 
X = oblique popliteal
Y = semimembranosus

Reinforces knee joint posteriorly

82
Q

T/F: all posterior compartment muscles cross the knee.

A

False - adductor Magnus (extensor head) does not

83
Q

T/F: all posterior compartment muscles attach to ischial tuberosity.

A

True

84
Q

Generally, the adductor muscles in the thigh extend from (X) to (Y).

A 
X = pubis
Y = linea alba
85
Q

The best flexor muscle in the adductor group of muscles is:

A

Pectineus

86
Q

The most superficial muscle(s) in the adductor group is/are:

A

Pectineus and adductor longus

87
Q

The adductor hiatus is between:

A

The two heads of adductor magnus

88
Q

The (X) ligament has contributions from the tendon of adductor magnus.

A

X = tibial collateral

GA Lecture NVB (12 decks)

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