Other Tumors, Cysts, and Tumor-Like Lesions

Question 1

What is the modified Kadish grade of an esthesioneuroblastoma extending to paranasal sinus?
● A. A
● B. B
● C. C
● D. D
● E. E

Answer 1

B. B

Question 2

What is the system used to define all upper respiratory tract carcinomas and describe nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic activity, rosette presence, and necrosis?
● A. Modified Kadish
● B. Biller’s
● C. Dulguerov’s
● D. Calcattera’s
● E. Hyam’s

Answer 2

E. Hyam’s

Question 3

Regarding differences between craniopharyngioma and Rathke’s cleft cyst, the former has a thicker cyst wall, contains cholesterol crystals within the cyst, and is lined by which epithelium?
● A. Single layer cuboidal
● B. Three-layered cuboidal
● C. Stratified squamous
● D. Parietal and chief cells
● E. Tall columnar

Answer 3

C. Stratified squamous

Question 4

Which of the following is not associated with higher rates of recurrence in Rathke’s cleft cyst?
● A. Grade of lesion
● B. Purely suprasellar location
● C. Reactive metaplasia in the cyst wall
● D. Infection in the cyst
● E. Use of a fat graft within the cyst cavity

Answer 4

A. Grade of lesion

Question 5

Which of the following is associated with the risk of sudden death?
● A. Craniopharyngioma
● B. Rathke’s cleft cyst
● C. Colloid cyst
● D. GBM
● E. Small cell tumors

Answer 5

C. Colloid cyst

Question 6

Which of the following approaches to the third ventricle can only be done in the presence of hydrocephalus and is not suitable with slit ventricles?
● A. Transcallosal
● B. Transcortical
● C. Subfrontal
● D. Subchiasmatic
● E. Lamina terminalis

Answer 6

B. Transcortical

Question 7

Regarding differences between epidermoid and dermoid cysts, the former is associated with which of the following?
● A. Also includes hair follicles and sebaceous glands
● B. More commonly near midline
● C. More frequently associated with other congenital anomalies
● D. Repeated bouts of bacterial meningitis
● E. Chemical meningitis

Answer 7

E. Chemical meningitis

Question 8

All of the following are options for treatment of pineal cysts except?
● A. Watchful waiting
● B. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy
● C. Aspiration only (stereotactic or endoscopic): may not get enough tissue for diagnosis
● D. Cyst excision
● E. Chemotherapy

Answer 8

E. Chemotherapy

Question 9

Visual deterioration due to empty sella syndrome may be treated with which of the following?
● A. Chiasmapexy
● B. Bromocriptine
● C. Fat graft placement
● D. Binoculars
● E. Visual rehab programs

Answer 9

A. Chiasmapexy

Question 10

Which of the following is a major indication for surgery in primary empty sella syndrome?
● A. CSF leak
● B. Hyperprolactinemia
● C. Hydrocephalus
● D. Headache
● E. Trauma

Answer 10

A. CSF leak

Question 11

Which of the following is not the cause of secondary empty sella syndrome?
● A. Trauma
● B. Successful surgery for pituitary adenoma
● C. Radiotherapy for pituitary adenoma
● D. Pseudotumor cerebri
● E. Hypothalamic glioma

Answer 11

E. Hypothalamic glioma

Question 12

Regarding pheochromocytoma, investigations may include genetic testing, plasma metanephrines, 24-hour urinary catecholamines and metanephrines, and CT and MRI of adrenal glands. In the setting of raised urinary markers, which test can be used to differentiate between essential hypertension and
pheochromocytoma?
● A. Serum ionized and free sodium levels
● B. Renal arteriogram
● C. Ankle brachial index
● D. Clonidine suppression test
● E. Low-dose steroids test

Answer 12

D. Clonidine suppression test

Question 13

In the modified Jackson classification, what is the class for a glomus tumor extending into the petrous apex?
● A. I
● B. II
● C. III
● D. IV
● E. V

Answer 13

C. III