other skin disorders Flashcards
what is acne
(non) inflammatory pustules on face/ chest and back caused by excess oil cogging follicles(testosterone)Can cause scarring (1/5) inflammation within the dermis common in teens
treatment for acne
benzoyl peroxide antiseptics abx hormonal treatments retinoids
what are some types of skin cancer
basal cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma malignant melanoma
what is basal cell carcinoma
slow growing non-malignant cancer, 4x more common than other types, caused by UV
what is the treatment for basal cell carcinoma
imiquimod cream
what is squamous cell carcinoma
malignant, invasive proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes more common in old and male caused by UV or topical carcinogens 90% remission rate
what is malignant melanoma
an aggressive form of skin cancer caused by UV
what are the risk factors for malignant melanoma
sunlight exposure fair skin red/blonde hair freckles tanning difficulty
what are some physical signs of skin cancer
asymmetry irregular borders colour changing >6mm
what are the treatment options for malignant melanoma
surgery chemotherapy- dacarbazine/temozolide - paclitaxel - targeted therapy (IL2, Anti-BRAF)
what are genital warts
HPV infection, can take months to form
how are genital warts treated
imiquimod keratolysis cryosurgery
what does imiquimod do
stimulates the immune system to fight papillomavirus by encouraging interferon production
what is impetigo
highly infectious, causes sores and blisters - caused by strep/staphnon-bullous : nose/mouth bullous : trunk
treatment for impetigo
topical or systemic abx depending on severity
what are fungal infections
dermatophytes, yeasts result in inflammation, fungi invade and grow on dead keratin
give some examples of fungal infections
athletes foot nail infections ringworm
how are fungal infections treated
imidazole or systemic antifungals
what can cause hypopigmentation
vitiligo albinism burns phototherapy
what can cause hyperpigmentation
pregnancy addisons abx antimalarial
what is vitiligo
loss of skin colour in patches, melanocytes die or stop functioning, commonly affects eyes, nostrils, mouth, navel, knees, elbows
what are the 3 types of vitiligo
focal - one area segmental - one side of the body generalised - anywhere usually not symmetrical
pharmacology of vitiligo
body makes autoantibodies to hydroxylase in non-segmental vitiligo
