Osteoporosis Flashcards
Define osteoporosis
decrease in bone density, become more porous and less dense; increased risk for fxs
Effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on bone homeostasis
-promotes bone resorption by stimulating osteoclasts
-enhances renal retention of Ca2+
increases bone formation in low and intermittent doses
Effects of calcitonin on bone homeostasis
lowers blood levels of Ca2+ and phosphate by inhibiting osteoclast activity
Effects of vitamin D on bone homeostasis
stimulates intestinal absorption of Ca2+ and phosphate
Effects of calcium on bone homeostasis
binds to the Ca sensing receptor (CaR) on the parathyroid gland to regulate
PTH secretion
principal regulator of PTH secretion
Name the bisphosphonates
alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate, zoledronic acid
Name the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMS)
raloxifene
Bisphosphates MOA
inhibit bone resorption, prevent osteoclast activity
Bisphosphates SE
GI disturbances, osteonecrosis of jaw, atypical femur fx
Raloxifene MOA
mimic estrogen in bone, reduce resorption w/o stimulating breast or uterine tissue
Raloxifene SE
-hot flashes
-leg cramps
-increased risk of venous thromboembolism
Denosumab MOA
binds and inhibits RANKL, reduce osteoclast formation, fxn and survival
Denosumab SE
-skin rxns at inject site
-osteonecrosis of jaw
-hypocalcemia
Calcitonin MOA
-decrease blood Ca level
-inhibit osteoclast activity
-reduce bone resorption
Calcitonin SE
-nasal irritation (w/ nasal spray)
-hot flashes
