Antidiabetic Drugs

Question 1

List sulfonylureas

Answer 1

First gen - acetohexamide, chlorpropamide, tolbutamide, tolazamide

Second gen - glipizide, glyburide

Third gen - glimepiride

Question 2

2 Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Answer 2

Acarbose and miglitol

Question 3

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors MOA

Answer 3

delays the absorption of glucose from the intestine

Question 4

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors SE

Answer 4

flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain

Question 5

2 PPAR-y activators

Answer 5

pioglitazone
rosiglitazone

Question 6

PPAR-y (thiazolidinediones; TZDs) MOA

Answer 6

increase insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues

Question 7

PPAR-y (thiazolidinediones; TZDs) SE

Answer 7

wt gain, fluid retention, risk of fxs

Question 8

1 biguanides

Answer 8

metformin

Question 9

Biguanides MOA

Answer 9

reduces hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity in mus

Question 10

Biguanides SE

Answer 10

GI upset, lactic acidosis (rare)

Question 11

2 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors

Answer 11

sitagliptin, saxagliptin

Question 12

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors MOA

Answer 12

increases and prolongs the action of incretin hormones, enhancing insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon secretion

Question 13

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors Se

Answer 13

upper respiratory tract infection, headache, pancreatitis (rare)

Question 14

3 Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP) analogs

Answer 14

exenatide, liraglutide, semaglutide

Question 15

Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP) analogs MOA

Answer 15

enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion and reduces glucagon secretion

Question 16

Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP) analogs SE

Answer 16

GI issues, injection site rxns, pancreatitis