Osteomalacia

Question 1

what is osteomalacia?

Answer 1

softening of bones 2o low vtamin D which in turn reduce bone mineral content

rickets if in children

Question 2

causes of osteomalacia

Answer 2

vitamin d deficiency
ckd
drug-indcued: e.g. anticonvulsants
inherited: hypophosphatemic rickets
liver disease (e.g. cirrhosis)
coeliac disease

Question 3

features of osteomalacia?

Answer 3

bone pain
bone/muscle tenderness
#: esp femoral neck
proximal myopathy (may lead to waddling gait)

Question 4

ix of osteomalacia?

Answer 4

bloods: low vit d, low ca, low phosphate, raised ALP
xray: translucent bands (looser’s zones or pseudofractures)

Question 5

mx of osteomalacia?

Answer 5

vitamin d supplementation (needs loading dose initially)
ca supplementation if dietary deficiency