Osteoarthritis and Principles of Management

Question 1

What are the biomechanics factors associated with osteoarthritis?

Answer 1

Abnormal anatomy 
Intra-articular fracture 
Ligament rupture 
Meniscal injury 
Occupational (farmers, footballers) 
Persistent heavy physical activity 
Elite running 
Obesity

Question 2

What is the differential diagnosis of osteoarthritis?

Answer 2

Gout
Septic arthritis
Malignancy
Other inflammatory arthritides

Question 3

How is a diagnosis of osteoarthritis made?

Answer 3

Activity-related joint pain plus has either no morning joint-related stiffness or morning stiffness that lasts no longer than 30 minutes

Question 4

What are the non-pharmacological treatments for osteoarthritis?

Answer 4

Thermotherapy
Electrotherapy
Aids and devices
Manual therapy

Question 5

What are the pharmacological treatments for osteoarthritis?

Answer 5

Oral analgesia (paracetamol, NSAIDs) 
Topical treatments (NSAIDs, capsaican)

Question 6

When should a surgical referral be made?

Answer 6

Substantial impact on quality of life

Refractory to non-surgical treatment