Osseous tissue Flashcards
what are the six functions of the skeletal system?
- support
- protection
- assist movement
- mineral homeostasis
- blood cell production
- triglycerude storage
what is hemopoiesis?
the production of blood cells and platelets
where does hemopoiesis occur?
in the bone marrow
what are the 2 types of bone marrow?
red and yellow
what does red bone marrow do?
produces RBC ,WBC and platelets
where is red bone marrow found?
in flat bones, vertebrae, and trabecular bone of femur and humerus
what does yellow bone marrow do?
stores fat
where is yellow bone marrow found?
in trabecular bone (not in prox. femur an humerus)
in the medullary cavity of long bones
what are the 4 types of cells in bone tissue?
- osteoprogenitor
- osteoblasts
- osteocytes
- osteoclasts
what are osteoprogenitors?
stem cells that produce osteoblasts
what are osteoblasts
the cells that build up the bone
what are osteocytes
mature bone cells
what are osteclasts
cells that break down the bone
what are the 2 types of bone tissue?
cortical and trabecular
what is cortical bone composed of (system)
osteons or haversian systems
what is an osteon
tube-like structures that run parallel to the long axis
what can change the organization of osteons?
weight training and fractures
what are trabeculae?
the small struts or rods that make up trabecular bone tissue
how are the trabeculae aligned
exactly with lines of stress
what is in the spaces of trabecular tissue?
refd and yellow bone marrow
what are the 5 bone shapes?
- long
- short
- flat
- irregular
- sesamoid
what are the UE long bones?
humerus, radius, ulna, metacarpals, phalanges
what are the LE long bones
femur, tibua, fibula, metatarsals, phalanges
what are the sections of a long bone
epiphysis, metaphysis and diaphysis
what is on the end of long bones?
articular cartilage (hyaline)
what conntiss surrounds the diaphysis
periosteum
what is the space inside a long bone called
the medullary cavity
what is the membrane that lines the medullary cavoty
endosteum
what are the short bones in the UE/LE?
carpals and tarsals
what bones are a part for the skull cap
frontal, parietal, occipital
what are the flat bones in the trunk
sternum, scapula, ribs, ilium
what is the structure of flat bones
2 parallel plates of cortical bone, with trabeculae bone in the middle
what 2 things are flat bones good at
forming blood cells
muscle attachment to the broad surfaces