facial bones Flashcards
how many facial bones are there
14
what are facial bones for
mastication and facial expressions
what do the nasal bones articulate with (4)
the other nasal bone
frontal bone (nasion)
maxillae
perpendicular plates of ethmoid
what are the facial bones (8)
nasal bones
lacrimal bones
maxillary bones
zygomatic bones
palatine bones
inferior nasal conchae
vomer
mandible
what do the nasal bones form
the bridge of the nose
where are the lacrimal bones (in relation to nasals)
posterior and lateral to nasal bones
why is the nasal bone image so widely collimated
to include the anterior nasal spine
what is/are the smallest bone(s) in the face
the lacrimal bones
what passes through the lacrimal bones
the tear ducts
what do the maxillary bones articulate with
every other facial bone except the mandible,
plus the frontal and ethmoid bones
what do the maxillary bones form (3)
part of lateral walls and floor of nasal cavity
part of the floor of the orbits
3/4 of the hard palate
why is the maxillary bone important to mastication
it forms the hard surface to help in making a bolus of food
what does the maxillary body contain
the maxillary sinuses
what makes up the hard palate?
3/4 maxillary
1/4 palatine
what is outside of the anterior nasal spine
acanthion
what are the 4 processes that come from the maxillary body
frontal
zygomatic
alveolar
palatine
what is the most important process in lateral facial imaging
zygomatic process of the maxilla
what does the frontal process of the maxilla articulate with
the nasal bone and frontal bone
what does the zygomatic process of the maxilla articulate with
the zygoma
what does the alveolar process of the maxilla articulate with
8 teeth
what does the palatine process of the maxilla articulate with
the palatine bones
how does the zygomatic bone appear on lateral facial/orbit projections
triangular
what happens when the 2 palatine processes do not fuse together
forms a cleft palate
where is the inferior orbital fissure
between the greater wing of the sphenoid and the maxilla
what is the infraorbital foramen for
maxillary (2nd) branch of the trigeminal nerve
what do the zygomatic bones form
the cheek bones (malar)
what do the inferior nasal conchae form
inferior wall of the nasal cavity
what do the zygomatic bones articulate with (4)
frontal
temporal
sphenoid
maxillary
what forms the zygomatic arch
the zygomatic process of the temporal bone
the temporal process of the zygomatic bone
what shape are palatine bones
“L” shaped
what is the longest and strignest facial bone
the mandible
what does the horizontal part of palatine bone form
the posterior 1/4 of the hard palate
what do the 3 pairs of nasal conchae do
increase the surface area of the nasal cavity
help swirl and filter air before in goes into the lungs
what does the vomer form
inferior portion of the bony nasal septum
how many facial bones move?
which one(s)
1, the mandible
what is the vertical part of the mandible
the ramus
what does the mandibular ramus have
mandibular condyle
coronoid process
where is the mandibular notch
area between the coronoid process and condyle
what process is a part of the mandibular ramus
the coronoid process
what is the mental protruberance
the very tip of the chin
what forms the TMJ
mandibular condyle articulates with the mandibular fossa of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone
what is the mandibular coronoid process
an attachment for the temporalis muscle
what is the alveolar process on the mandible
the articulation for the teeth
what is the name of the connection between the mental protruberance and the EAM
mentalmeatal line
TMJ
temporomandibular joints
what is the TMJ
condyle of the mandible articulates with the mandibular fossa of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone
where is the TMJ
anterior and slightly superior to the EAM
what joint type is the TMJ
synovial, diarthrosis
hinge and gliding
what is excursion
the amount that the condyle moves
what are the 4 paranasal sinuses
frontal sinuses
sphenoid sinuses
ethmoid sinuses
maxillary sinuses
what are the 4 purposes of the paranasal sinuses
resonating chamber for voice
decrease the weight of the skull
help warm and moisten inhaled air
act as a shock absorber
how many frontal sinuses is typical
2
where are the frontal sinuses located
between the 2 tables of squama
how many sphenoidal sinuses is typical
2
where are the ethmoidal sinuses
in the lateral masses of the ethmoid
what is the range of anterior ethmoid sinuses
2-8
what is the range of middle ethmoid sinuses
2-8
what is the range of posterior ethmoidal sinuses
2-6
what are the largest paranasal sinuses
maxillary
where are the maxillary sinuses
in the body of the maxillae
what shape are the maxillary sinuses from frontal and lateral views
frontal: pyramid shaped
laterally: more cube shaped
what is the floor of the maxillary sinus called
maxillary antrum
how many cranial and facial bones compose the orbits
3 cranial
4 facial
what cranial bones compose the orbits
frontal
sphenoid
ethmoid
what facial bones compose the orbits
palatine
zygomatic
lacrimal
maxillary
what bones form the circumference of the orbit
frontal, zygomatic, maxillary
what bones form the roof of the orbit
mainly frontal
lesser wings of sphenoid
what bones form the floor of the orbits
maxillary
zygomatic
palatine
what bones form the medial wall of the orbit
ethmoid
lacrimal
maxillary
what is the thinnest portion of the orbots
the medial wall
what bones form the lateral wall of the orbit
frontal process of the zygomatic
greater wing of the sphenoid
what is the thickest portion of the orbits
the lateral wall
what does the hyoid articulate with
jokes. nothing
what shape is the hyoid
u-shaped
how is the hyoid held in place
suspended from the styloid processes of the temporal bones by muscles and ligaments
where is the hyoid
located in the anterior part of the neck between the mandible and larynx
what is the purpose of the hyoid
to support the tongue
what could cause a hyoid fracture
strangulation
