Intro to the body Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 6 levels of structural organization?

A

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism

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2
Q

what are the 4 kinds of tissues?

A

epithelial, muscular, connective, nervous

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3
Q

what are the basic life processes? (6)

A

Metabolism
Responsiveness
Movement
Growth
Differentiation
Reproduction

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4
Q

to what basic life process is catabolism and anabolism a art of?

A

metabolism

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5
Q

to what basic life process is hypertrophy and hyperplasia a part of?

A

growth

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6
Q

to what basic life process is mitosis and meiosis a part of?

A

reproduction

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7
Q

what system is triggerd when homeostasis is disturbed?

A

negative feedback system

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8
Q

what two systems do negative feedback loops (mainly) involve?

A

nervous and endocrine

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9
Q

environment, genetic makeup, diet, exercise, amount of sleep, smoking
are all factors in what?

A

homeostasis

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10
Q

what are the 3 components of a feedback system?

A

Receptor
Control centre
Effector

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11
Q

what does ante- mean

A

before or in front of

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12
Q

where is the cephalic region?

A

head

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13
Q

where is the cervical region?

A

the neck

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14
Q

the trunk includes what 3 parts?

A

chest, abdomen, pelvis

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15
Q

cranial

A

skull

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16
Q

axillary

A

armpit

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17
Q

brachial

A

arm

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18
Q

antecubital

A

front of elbow

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19
Q

antebrachial

A

forearm

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20
Q

carpal

A

wrist

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21
Q

palmar or volar

A

palm

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22
Q

digital/phalangeal

A

fingers

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23
Q

femoral

A

thigh

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24
Q

patellar

A

anterior sirface of knee

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25
crural
leg
26
tarsal
ankle
27
frontal
forehead
28
temporal
temple
29
orbital or ocular
eye
30
buccal
cheek
31
nasal
nose
32
oral
mouth
33
mental
chin
34
sternal
breastbone
35
umbilical
naval
36
coxal
hip
37
inguinal
groin
38
pollex
thumb
39
pubic
pubis
40
dorsum
top of foot
41
hallux
big toe
42
occipital
base of skull
43
scapular
shoulder blade
44
vertebral
spinal column
45
olecranal or cubital
back of elbow
46
sacral
between hips
47
gluteal
buttick
48
perineal
anus and external genitals
49
popliteal
way behind knee
50
sural
calf
51
plantar
sole
52
dorsum
back of hand
53
calcaneal
heel
54
which plane splits the body into left and right
sagittal
55
which plane splits the body into front and back
coronal
56
what are the 4 body cavities?
cranial vertebral thoracic abdominopelvic
57
what 3 things are in the thoracic cavity?
pleural cavity pericardial cavity mediastinum
58
what parts are in the abdominopelvic cavity?
abdominal cavity pelvic cavity
59
what are the 2 lines that separate the abdomen into quadrants?
the median line and the trans umbilical line
60
what are the vertical lines that divide the abdominopelvic regions?
the R/L midclavicular lines
61
how many abdominopelvic regions are there?
9
62
what are the horizontal lines that divide the abdominopelvic regions?
transtubercular line
63
at which vertebral level is the subcostal line?
L3
64
at which vertebral level is the transtubercular line
L5
65
what is the upper right region called?
R hypochondriac region
66
what is the upper middle region called?
epigastric region
67
what is the upper left region called?
L hypochondriac region
68
what is the middle right region called?
R lumbar
69
what is the true middle region called?
umbilical
70
what is the middle left region called?
L lumbar
71
what is the lower right region called?
R inguinal
72
what is the lower left region called?
L inguinal
73
what is the lower middle region called?
hypogastric region
74
where is the stomach on an asthenic patient?
much lower (in a j shape)
75
where is the stomach on a hyposthenic patient?
slightly lower than usual
76
where is the stomach on a sthenic patient?
in usual position
77
where is the stomach on a hypersthenic patient
wider and higher
78
what surface landmark is at C3?
the gonion
79
what surface landmark is at C7?
the vertebra promina
80
what surface landmark is at T2/T3
the jugular notch
81
what surface landmark is at T4T5
the sternal angle
82
what surface landmark is atT7
the inferior angle of the scapula
83
what surface landmark is at T9/T10
xiphoid process
84
what surface landmark is at L3
inferior costal margin
85
what surface landmark is at L5
iliac crest
86
what surface landmark is at S1
anterior superior iliac spine
87
what 3 surface landmarks are all at the same point (in the pelvis area)
coccyx, pubic symphis, greater trochanters