Osmosis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a solute?

A

The substance being dissolved

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2
Q

What is a solvent?

A

The liquid where the substance is dissolved

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3
Q

What is a solution?

A

The liquid created when a solvent dissolved in a solution

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4
Q

What is an aquaporin?

A

A channel protein for water

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5
Q

What is the definition of osmosis?

A

The net movement of water from a high water potential to a low water potential through a partially permeable membrane

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6
Q

What is water potential?

A

The potential for the water molecules to move

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7
Q

What happens to the water potential if the solute increases?

A

The water potential decreases and is always negative

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8
Q

What is pure water’s water potential?

A

0 KPa

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9
Q

What is water potential measured in?

A

KPa

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10
Q

What is isotonic?

A

The outside solute has the same water potential as the cytoplasm

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11
Q

What is hypotonic?

A

The outside solute has a higher water potential as the cytoplasm (more dilute)

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12
Q

What is hypertonic?

A

The outside solute has a lower water potential as the cytoplasm (more concentration)

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13
Q

What happens when the solution around an

animal cell is hypotonic?

A

The water will enter the cell, so the cell will burst as the plasma membrane breaks, so it’s cytolysis

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14
Q

What happens when the solution around an

animal cell is hypertonic?

A

The water will leave the cell, so the cell will become shrivelled and crenated

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15
Q

What happens when the solution around an

plant cell is hypotonic?

A

The water will go into the cell so the cell will swell up in size and the contents push against the cell wall, so it will be turgid

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16
Q

What happens when the solution around an

plant cell is hypertonic?

A

The water will go outside the cell, so the cell will shrivel and the cell membrane will separate from the cell wall and will be plasmolysed

17
Q

What does flaccid mean?

A

A plant tissue with plasmolysed cells