Enzymes with temperature Flashcards
What happens to an enzyme and substrate solution when heated?
The enzymes and substrates molecules increase in kinetic energy, so they move faster, so more successful collisions so there are more enzyme - substrate molecules, increasing reaction rate
What is an enzymes optimum temperature?
The temperature that enzymes and substrates make the fastest reaction rate
What happens when an enzymes optimum temperature is surpassed?
The enzymes tertiary structure is broken and the active site not complementary to their substrate so the reaction rate decreases and the enzyme is denatured
What bonds break when an enzymes optimum temperature is surpassed?
Hydrogen bonds
Ionic bonds
What is a thermophilic?
Enzymes that work in high temperatures
What is a psychrophilic?
Enzymes that work in low temperatures
What is a temperature coefficient?
The increase to the rate of reaction when the temperature increases by 10 degrees
What is the optimum temperature for animals?
40 degrees
What is the equation of temperature coefficient?
rate of reaction(T of 10)degrees
Q10 = ——————————————–
rate of reaction 10 degrees
What happens to the temperature coefficient after the enzymes optimum temperature is surpassed?
The temperature coefficient is decreases
What is pH?
How acidic or alkaline a substance is
What is an acidic pH?
0-6
What is an neutral pH?
7
What is an alkaline pH?
8-14
What is an acid?
This disassociates into protons and negative ions
What is a buffer?
They resit changes to pH by either donating or accepting H+ ions
How does pH affect the enzymes intermolecular forces?
A hydrogen ion is attracted to the negative ions, molecules or parts of the molecules which replace the hydrogen bonds. The enzymes active site changes shape so it can’t take in its complementary substrate so the reaction rate decreases
What happens to an enzyme if there is a small fluctuation in the pH?
The hydrogen bonds can be remade when it goes back to the optimum pH so the enzyme return back to normal so the active site is partially disrupted
What happens to an enzyme if there is a large fluctuation in the pH?
The enzyme is fully denatured, and will be permanently damaged and can’t catalyse the reaction
What is the optimum pH for amylase?
6.8
What is the optimum pH for pepsin?
1 - 2
What is the optimum pH for trypsin?
7.8
