OS T#2: S2 Flashcards
What is the result of tight Rhomboids?
Downwardly rotated scapula
What is the effect of weak serratus anterior?
Winging of the scapula, downward rotation of he scap during humeral elevation
What does the reverse Lachman’s test Test for?
It tests for PCL integrity
What does nobels compression test test for?
IT band friction syndrome
Characteristics of cerebellar dysfunction?
Dysdiadochokinesia, dysmetria, dyssynergia. Greater deficiencies seen at higher speeds and during targeting.
L2 Myotomes
Psoas, Hip Adductors
L3 Myotomes
Psoas, Quads,
L4 Myotomes
Tibialis Anterior, Extensor Hallucis
L5 Myotomes
Extensor Hallucis, Peroneals, Gluteus Medius, Dorsiflexors, Hamstrings and calf atrophy
S1 Myotomes
Calf and Hamstring , glute atrophy, peroneals, and plantar flexors.
Who is a allowed to see a given patients protected health information?
Insurance company paying for the care,
other health professionals working with the patient,
parent/ guardian (if pt is a minor or deemed mentally incompetent)
What reduces lumbar compression on the spine most efficiently while sitting?
1) Increasing the chair backrest to 90-110 degrees
2) Using arm rests for support
3) Adding a lumbar Support
What nerve innervates the supra and infraspinatus
The Suprascapular nerve
What muscle weakness results from injury to the spinal accessory nerve?
Upper Trapezius and Sternocleidomastoid
Describe COPD stage 1
FEV1/FVC
Describe COPD stage 2
FEV1/FVC
Describe COPD stage 3
FEV1/FVC
Describe COPD stage 4
FEV1/FVC
Name 4 physical findings that can be seen with COPD
1) Cough/sputum production (hemoptysis)
2) Dyspnea on exertion
3) Breath sounds decreased with advantageous sounds
4) Increased RR
5) Weight loss
6) Barreled chest
7) Cyanosis
8) Clubbing
When is barreled chest seen
COPD Gold stage 4
What are the side effects of Lyrica?
Heart failure, difficulty walking long distances, lymphedema
What is Lyrica used for?
Treats nerve and muscle pain caused by diabetes, shingles, fibromyalgia, or a spinal cord injury.
What does Yergason’s test examine?
If the transverse ligament for the biceps are intact
What does Neer’s Impingement test examine? and how is it performed?
Impingement of the rotator cuff; While scapular rotation is prevented with one hand, the arm of the patient is forced to elevate in a scapular range of motion. The test is positive if pain occurs.
What does the Clunk test examine?
A tear of the glenoid labrum
What does the Drop arm test examine?
Assesses whether the rotator cuff is intact
What does the empty can test examine?
Rotator cuff integrity specifically the supraspinatus
What is an cause for IMMEDIATE termination of an exercise after a pt has had an MI
> 1.0 mm downward slope of ST segment which represents myocardial ischemia
What is the earliest that a child can be given a power wheel chair?
18 months but it depends on the cognitive ability of the child.
What impairments exist with down syndrome?
Hypotonia Decreased muscle contractile force Congenital heart defects Visual an hearing losses Atlanto-axial dislocations secondary to transverse ligament laxity Cognitive deficit
What are the signs and symptoms of a atlanto-axial subluxation/dislocation?
Decreased strength
Decreased ROM
Hyporeflexic DTR
Decreased sensation in limbs
When can radiographs begin to find AA subluxations in down syndrome children? How should you treat children under that age?
3 years old, as if they have an AA instability.
How does a Brown Séquard’s legion present?
Ipsilateral weakness and loss of proprioception and vibration below the level of the lesion
Contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation
How does Anterior Cord Syndrome present?
Loss of motor function, pain,and temperature with preservation of light touch and proprioception.
How does Central Cord Syndrome present?
Loss of UE function with preservation of LE function
When should caregivers become involved in practicing an activity with the patient?
After the safety of the patient with the caregiver can be assured.
What is the Slump test used to analyze?
The neuro dynamics of the peripheral nerves
What is the stork test used to analyze?
It identifies spondylolisthesis
What is the effect of the foot position in an patellar tendon bearing prosthesis being to far inset?
Lateral thrust at mid stnace
What is the effect of the foot position in an patellar tendon bearing prosthesis being to far outset?
Medial thrust at midstance
What is the subcostal or infrasternal angle?
The angle between the lower borders of the costal cartilages of the two sides as they approach the sternum.
What is an x-ray showing hyper inflated lungs, flattened diaphragm, and decreased costophrenic angle indicative of?
Increased subcostal angle
What is the point of a 6 min walk test?
The 6 MWT is a sub-max Test that assess the pt’s functional ability
What structure dues the posterior lag test stress?
The PCL
What is the definition of ventricular tachycardia?
A run of 3 or more PVC’s in a row
How should a PT handle V-tach?
Stop the exercise and call the doctor immediately. This is a potentially emergency situation.
What medicine has the highest risk of causing Orthostatic Hypotension?
Nitroglycerine
When on a medicine ball how do you produce a Posterior tilt of the pelvis?
Move the ball forward by contracting the abdominals.
When on a medicine ball how do you produce a Anterior tilt of the pelvis?
Move the ball Backward by contracting the para spinals (?).
List 3 signs of chronic dementia.
Pt exhibits personality changes
Arousal level is depressed
Pt has hallucinations throughout the day
What is an ANOVA test used for?
The ANOVA test is a parametric statistical test used to compare 3 or more treatment groups on one dependent variable
What does an analysis of covariance do?
An analysis of covariance compares 2 or more groups but controls for controls for the effects between groups.
What does a Chi squared test do?
A Chi squared test is a nonparametric statistical test used to compare data in the form of frequency counts.
What does a Spearman’s rho test do?
A Spearman’s Rho test or rank correlation coefficient is a nonparametric test used to correlate ordinal data.
What is fluent aphasia?
AKA Wernicke’s aphasia is a central language disorder in which spontaneous speech is preserved and flows smoothly while auditory comprehension is impaired.
What is the best means to communicate with a patient with fluent (Wernicke’s ) aphasia?
Demonstrations and gestures
What is “terminal knee impact”?
When a prosthetic knee reaches full extension and stops during terminal swing. This can be cause by decreased friction within the knee joint.
What is metabolic syndrome?
Metabolic syndrome is a precursor to type II diabetes includes:
abdominal obesity increased triglicerides low HDL HTN high fasting plasma glucose(>110 mg/dL)
