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NPTE > Academic test 2 > Flashcards

Academic test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what aspects of gait increase as you age (stride length, step length, width of base of support,stance time, single limb and double limb support time, cadence, and speed)

A

stride length
step length
single limb support time
speed

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2
Q

what aspects of gait decrease as you age (stride length, step length, width of base of support,stance time, single limb and double limb support time, cadence, and speed)

A

base of support
double limb support time
cadence

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3
Q

what is the definition of cadence

A

Cadence is defined as the number of steps an individual will walk over a period of time

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4
Q

how could you test the ability of a person to use somatosensory information for balance (aka stress everything but somatosensory)

A

Tilt head

close eyes

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5
Q

how could you test the ability of a person to use vestibular information for balance (aka stress everything but vestibular system)

A

close eyes

stand on foam

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6
Q

how could you test the ability of a person to use visual information for balance (aka stress everything but visual system)

A

stand on foam

tilt head

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7
Q

What are some ways to assess whether there is a blockage in an artery

A

take the pulse of a distal artery

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8
Q

name the pulses that are available to be tested

A 
Temporal
Carotid
Brachial
Radial
Femoral
Popliteal
Posterior tibialis 
Dorsalis Pedis
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9
Q

how do you obtain an ABI score

A

take the blood pressure at the ankle and the arm and use the systolic of the ankle/ systolic of the arm

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10
Q

what are normal ABI scores

A 
>1.4 = Calcification/ vessel hardening
1.0-1.4 = Normal
0.9-1.0 = Acceptable
0.8-0.9 = Some Arterial Disease
0.5-0.8 = Moderate Arterial Disease
<0.4 = Severe Arterial Disease
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11
Q

what are Beta-blockers effects on HR

A

Beta-blockers decrease HR

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12
Q

What is arthrodesis

A

Arthrodesis, also known as artificial ankylosis or syndesis, is the artificial induction of joint ossification between two bones via surgery.

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13
Q

Musculoskeletal portion of the systems review covers:

A 
Symmetry
Range of Motion
Strength
Height 
Weight
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14
Q

Integumentary portion of the systems review covers:

A

Pliability (texture)
Presence of Scar Formation
Skin Color
Skin Integrity

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15
Q

Cardiovascular portion of the systems review covers:

A 
Heart Rate 
Heart Rhythm
Respiratory Rate
Blood Pressure 
Edema
(also read an EKG)
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16
Q

Neurological portion of the systems review covers:

A 
Coordinated Movement 
- Balance
- Gait
- Locomotion
- Transfers 
- Transition
Motor Function 
- Motor Control
- Motor Learning
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17
Q

What is Asthenia?

A

Generalized weakness due to a cerebellar pathology

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18
Q

What is Ataxia?

A

poor coordination

19
Q

What is Apraxia?

A

poor motor planning

20
Q

How can you test for Dysdiadochokinesia?

A

rapid alternating movements aka finger to nose, tapping feet, flipping hands

21
Q

What is dysmetria?

A

improper ability to judge distance

22
Q

How do you test for Dysmetria?

A

asking person to target and touch an object or thing repeatedly

23
Q

What is Rhabdomyolysis?

A

Rhabdomyolysis is a condition where breakdown of striated muscle fibers leads to the release of myoglobin into the bloodstream. Myoglobin is harmful to the kidneys and can often lead to kidney damage. Rhabdomyolysis occurs with damage to skeletal muscle tissue, particularly following injury.

24
Q

What is a common sign of Rhabdomyolysis?

A 
Dark, red, or cola-colored urine
Decreased urine output
General weakness
Muscle stiffness or aching (myalgia)
Muscle tenderness
Weakness of the affected muscles
25
Q

how can you increase the amount of force needed to push a wheelchair

A

move the wheel axis posterior

26
Q

how can you increase the maneuverability of a wheelchair?

A

move the wheel axis closer to the casters, this decreases the turning radius of the wheelchair.

27
Q

how do you make it easier to perform a wheelie in a wheelchair

A

move the wheel axis anteriorly

28
Q

why does moving the wheel axis of a wheelchair posteriorly increase the difficulty of performing a wheelie?

A

it is more difficult to get enough body mass behind the fulcrum point of the wheelie (the axis)

29
Q

why does moving the wheel axis of a wheelchair posteriorly increase the difficulty of performing a wheelie?

A

it is more difficult to get enough body mass behind the fulcrum point of the wheelie (the axis)

30
Q

doorway specifications for W/C

A

Width: 32 in
Depth: 24 in

31
Q

ramp width

A

min of 36 inches wide

32
Q

ramp grade

A

12 inches of run for every inch of rise or 8.3% grade

33
Q

muscular innervations of the radial nerve

A 
brachioradialis
triceps
supinator
wrist extensors 
anconeus
34
Q

muscular innervations of the Axillary nerve

A

Deltoid

Teres Minor

35
Q

muscular innervations of the Thoracodorsal

A

Lattissimus dorsi

36
Q

muscular innervations of the Upper scapular

A

Subscapularis

37
Q

muscular innervations of the Lower scapular

A

Teres Major

Subscapularis

38
Q

muscular innervations of the Ulnar

A

Flexor Capi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum profundus
most of the small muscles of the hand

39
Q

muscular innervations of the medial pectoral

A

Pectoralis major

pectoralis minor

40
Q

muscular innervations of the Lateral pecotral

A

pectoralis Major clavicular head

41
Q

muscular innervations of the musculocutanius

A

coracobrachialis
biceps brachii
brachialis

42
Q

muscular innervations of the suprascapular nerve

A

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

43
Q

muscular innervations of the nerve to sublavius

A

subclavius

44
Q

muscular innervations of the Long thoracic

A

serratus anterior

NPTE (24 decks)

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