Orthopedics Flashcards
Brachial plexus injury that affect shoulder, elbow (C5, C6)
Erb’s
Brachial plexus injury associated with Horners
Klumpke’s
Brachial plexus injury that affect hand, wrist (C7-8, T1)
Klumpke’s
Intoeing less than 1 year of age
Metatarsus adductus
Intoeing 1-3 years of age
Medial tibial torsion
Intoeing 3-9 years
Medial femoral torsion (can sit in W position)
Genu Varum
Bowlegs (normal until 2 years of age)
Tibia vara
Blount’s Disease
Abnormal growth of medial proximal tibial growth plate causing genu varum
Blount’s disease
Obese toddler with severe bowing
Blount’s disease
Genu Valgum
Knock knees
Painful limp or refusal to walk in 3-6 year old. Often URI symptoms, usually not febrile
Transient synovitis of the hip (must rule out septic arthritis)
4-8 year old, short, Caucasian male with painless limp
Legg Calve Perthes disease
Child in early puberty with hip pain
SCFE
To diagnose SCFE order:
AP and frog leg lateral X-rays
Fixed kyphosis in older adolescent (T8-9)
Scheurmann’s Disease
Stress fracture through the pars interarticulatis from repeated hyperextension
Spondylolysis
Forward displacement of vertebral body
Spondylolisthesis
Typically doesn’t present with back pain
Idiopathic scoliosis
3 year old with difficulty climbing and getting up off the floor. Extraocular muscles intact.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Overuse syndrome characterized by pain over heel, (can be bilateral), toe walking, tight Achilles’ tendon, and positive calcaneal compression test (pain produced by medial and lateral compression of the heel)
Sever disease (tx with stretching, heat, rest, heel cups and supportive shoes. NSAIDs minimally effective).
Pseudohypertrophy of calf muscles and Gowers sign
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
