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Allergy & Immunology Flashcards

0
Q

First antibody produced in an infection

A

IgM

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1
Q

Antibody that readily crosses placentA

A

IgG

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2
Q

Immunoglobulin that functions in mucosal defense

A

IgA

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3
Q

Immunoglobulin secreted in breast milk

A

IgA

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4
Q

Immunoglobulin involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections

A

IgE

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5
Q

Protects against intracellular organisms and opportunistic infections

A

T cells

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6
Q

B cell deficiency lead to which type of infections

A

Recurrent sinopulmonary infections

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7
Q

Strep pneumo, H flu, staph aureus, entero virus, giardia

A

Infections B cell deficient patients are susceptible to

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8
Q

Skin and organ abscesses with staph aureus and catalase positive organisms

A

Phagocytic disorder

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9
Q

Blood cx positive for Serratia or Burkholderia

A

CGD

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10
Q

Overwhelming sepsis, pyogenic infection, neisseria meningitis

A

Complement deficiency

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11
Q

SCID, wiskott aldrich, ataxia telangictasia, Bloom syndrome, Nijmegen breakage syndrome

A

Combined B cell and T cell deficiency

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12
Q

Eczema, chronic lung infxn, chronic diarrhea, FTT, absent thymus

A

SCID

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13
Q

No T cells, No NK cells, B cells present

A

X linked SCID (dx: with flow cytometry and molecular analysis, tx: BMT)

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14
Q

No T cells, No B cells, No NK cells

A

Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency

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15
Q

Eczema, immunodeficiency, thrombocytopenia, small platelets

A

Wiskott Aldrich

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16
Q

Mode of inheritance: wiskott Aldrich

A

X linked

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17
Q

Tx Wiskott Aldrich

A

BMT or ppx abx and IVIG

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18
Q

Ataxia, telangiectasia, immunodeficiency

A

Ataxia Telangiectasia

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19
Q

AR defect in ATM gene responsible for DNA repair

A

Ataxia Telangiectasia

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20
Q

Elevated alpha fetoprotein

A

Ataxia Telangiectasia

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21
Q

Immunodeficiency with high risk of cancer (leukemias and lymphomas)

A

Ataxia Telangiectasia, Bloom Syndrome

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22
Q

AR deficiency of DNA ligase 1

A

Bloom Syndrome

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23
Q

Small stature, Telangiectasia, CNS anomalies, immunodeficiency

A

Bloom Syndrome

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24
Bird like face, microcephaly, immunodeficiency, mild MR
Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome
25
Primary T cell deficiency
DiGeorge Syndrome, (have problems with INTRAcellular organisms)
26
Bruton's agammaglobulinemia, CVID, Hyper IgM, Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy, x linked lymphoproliferative syndrome
B cell immunodeficiencies
27
Mutation on BTK gene (Bruton tyrosine kinase)
X linked agammaglobulinemia
28
No mature B cells, no abx present, recurrent ear infxns, sinusitis, PNA
X linked agammaglobulinemia
29
Dx of x linked agammaglobulinemia
Flow cytometry for CD19, response to vaccination. no mature B cells, no antibodies, no antibody fxn
30
Tx for x linked agammaglobulinemia
IVIG
31
Mature B cells unable to differentiate into plasma cells
CVID
32
Mature B cells present, low antibody levels, poor antibody response
CVID
33
Sprue like illness with diarrhea, malabsorption, steatorrhea
CVID
34
Dx of CVID
Flow cytometry (mature B cells present), check antibody levels/response
35
Susceptible to sinopulmonary bacterial infections and Pneumocystis jiroveci
X linked hyper IgM Syndrome
36
CD40 ligand defect, normal levels IgM, low levels of IgG and IgA
X linked hyper IgM
37
Tx for hyper IgM
BMT or IVIG + Bactrim for PJP ppx
38
Immunodeficiency with near fatal EBV infections, progress to lymphoma
X linked lymphoproliferative syndrome
39
Abnormal prolongation of the physiological hypogammaglobulinemia that occurs between 4 and 6 months of age.
Transient Hypogammaglobulinemia of Infancy
40
Will have normal IgG levels by 4 years, have good vaccine response
Transient Hypogammaglobulinemia of Infancy
41
AR neutropenia
Kostmann syndrome
42
Sterile abscess, delayed separation of umbilical cord, severe leukocytosis, gingivitis, oomphalitis
Leukocyte adhesion defect type 1 (defect in CD18)
43
Elevated IgE, recurrent abscesses, eczema, delayed eruption of primary teeth, pneumatoceles, broad nose, triangular jaw, prominent forehead
Job Syndrome (Hyper IgE)
44
Oculocutaneous albinism, recurrent skin and sinopulmonary infxns, MR, immunodeficiency, peripheral neuropathy
Chediak Higashi
45
Peripheral smear with giant granules
Chediak Higashi
46
Inability to generate respiratory burst
CGD (x linked)
47
Recurrent organ and skin abscesses
CGD
48
Dx of CGD
Dihydrorhodamine oxidation test (DHR). Replaced NBT test
49
Tx of CGD
Ppx abx and interferon gamma
50
Due to defect in C1 inhibitor function
Hereditary Angioedema
51
Hives, allergic rhinitis, asthma, food and latex allergies. IgE mediated
Type 1 Hypersensitivity
52
IgM or IgG antibodies bind to fixed tissue or cell receptors and cause complement activation. Goodpastures, myasthenia gravis, hemolytic anemia
Type 2 hypersensitivity - cytotoxic
53
Vasculitis, serum sickness, arthus reaction. Immune complexes form when antibodies combine with antigen
Type 3 hypersensitivity - Immune Complex
54
Contact dermatitis, tuberculin sensitivity. Sensitized T cells interact with antigen
Type 4 hypersensitivity - delayed hypersensitivity
55
Tx for anaphylaxis patients not responsive to epinephrine (e.g. on beta blockers)
Glucagon or vasopressin
56
Asthma predictive index major criteria
One parent with asthma | Child has eczema
57
Asthma predictive index minor criteria
Child has allergic rhinitis Child has wheezing apart from colds Child has eosinophilia
58
Positive Asthma predictive index positive
1 major or 2 minor. If +, 76% of having asthma by 6 yrs. If -, 95% chance of not getting it
59
Asthma predictive index criteria
Children under three, with at least 4 episodes of wheezing
60
Urticaria pigmentosa, tryptase level above 20
Cutaneous mastocytosis
61
IgE mediated drug reaction like anaphylaxis
Type 1 drug reaction
62
Immunoglobulin or antibody mediated reaction like ITP
Type 2 drug reaction
63
Immune complex mediated disorder like serum sickness
Type 3 drug reaction
64
Cell mediated immune reaction like celiac disease
Type 4 drug reaction
65
Foods that cross react with latex
Potato, kiwi, banana, avocado
66
CD18 and CD11
Leukocyte adhesion defect

Pediatrics (20 decks)

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