Nephrology Flashcards

0
Q

Causes of pyuria other than bacterial UTI

A
  • Viral UTI
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • TB
  • Appendicitis
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1
Q

X linked, hematuria and deafness is male

A

Alport’s Syndrome

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2
Q

Causes of HTN

A
  • Aortic coarctation
  • Pheo
  • CAH (11 beta and 17 hydroxylase)
  • Hyperthyroid
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3
Q

Renal artery stenosis or pheochromocytoma can be seen in

A

Neurofibromatosis

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4
Q

Light haired light skinned child with Fanconi syndrome (RTA, glucosuria, phosphaturia)

A

Cystinosis

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5
Q

Most common renal tumor in 2-5 years of age

A

Wilm’s Tumor

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6
Q

AD, renal dysplasia and unilateral dysplasia, ear pits, hearing loss

A

Brachio-Oto-Renal (Bor Syndrome)

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7
Q

Small posteriorly set ears, small chin, beaked nose, wide set eyes, pulmonary hypoplasia. From oligohydramnios & resulting compression

A

Potters Syndrome

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8
Q

Absence of abdominal musculature, cryptorchidism, dilated urinary tract with dysplatic kidneys

A

Prune Belly Syndrome

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9
Q

Dermal telangiectasia, glomerular involvement

A

Fabry’s Disease

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10
Q

Wilma’s tumor, male pseudohermaphrodism, nephrotic syndrome

A

Drash Syndrome

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11
Q

Absence of intrahepatic bike ducts, jaundice, various renal defects

A

Alagille Syndrome

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12
Q

Aplasia of pectoralis muscle and renal aplasia

A

Poland Syndrome

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13
Q

Renal angiomyolipomas

A

Tuberous Sclerosis

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14
Q

Hematuria, proteinuria, Glomerulonephritis, lower limb palpable purpurin

A

HSP

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15
Q

Metabolic acidosis + urine pH above 6.0

16
Q

Calculation for osmolality

A

2Na + BUN/2.8 + Glucose/18. Normal is less than 10

17
Q

High osmol gap (above 20)

A

Consider alcohol poisoning (methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol)

18
Q

Nephritis with low complement levels

A

Post infectious GN
Para infectious GN
MPGN
SLE Nephritis

19
Q

Most common cause of glomerular gross hematuria, typically asymptomatic, closely aligned with infection

A

IgA Nephropathy

20
Q

Clinical definition of nephrotic syndrome

A

Proteinuria
Hypoproteinemia
Hypercholesterolemia
Edema

21
Q

Renal artery stenosis associated with:

A

IDM
Williams Syndrome
Neurofibromatosis
Turner’s Syndrome

22
Q

Viral hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Adenovirus

23
Q

Most common agent to cause primary peritonitis

A

Strep pneumo

24
No changes on light microscopy
MCNS
25
Epithelial foot process efface meant on electron microscopy
MCNS
26
Abx for strep may attenuate disease severity of post infectious GN BUT
Abx do not prevent development of GN
27
Mesangial deposits of IgA
IgA Nephropathy
28
Wt (kg) x Ht (cm). Square root of the answer. Divide by 60
Equals BSA
29
Insensible water losses for child over 10 kg
500 ml/m^2
30
Insensible water loss for child under 10 kg
40 ml/kg
31
Diuretic that causes hearing loss
Furosemide