Nephrology Flashcards
Causes of pyuria other than bacterial UTI
- Viral UTI
- Glomerulonephritis
- TB
- Appendicitis
X linked, hematuria and deafness is male
Alport’s Syndrome
Causes of HTN
- Aortic coarctation
- Pheo
- CAH (11 beta and 17 hydroxylase)
- Hyperthyroid
Renal artery stenosis or pheochromocytoma can be seen in
Neurofibromatosis
Light haired light skinned child with Fanconi syndrome (RTA, glucosuria, phosphaturia)
Cystinosis
Most common renal tumor in 2-5 years of age
Wilm’s Tumor
AD, renal dysplasia and unilateral dysplasia, ear pits, hearing loss
Brachio-Oto-Renal (Bor Syndrome)
Small posteriorly set ears, small chin, beaked nose, wide set eyes, pulmonary hypoplasia. From oligohydramnios & resulting compression
Potters Syndrome
Absence of abdominal musculature, cryptorchidism, dilated urinary tract with dysplatic kidneys
Prune Belly Syndrome
Dermal telangiectasia, glomerular involvement
Fabry’s Disease
Wilma’s tumor, male pseudohermaphrodism, nephrotic syndrome
Drash Syndrome
Absence of intrahepatic bike ducts, jaundice, various renal defects
Alagille Syndrome
Aplasia of pectoralis muscle and renal aplasia
Poland Syndrome
Renal angiomyolipomas
Tuberous Sclerosis
Hematuria, proteinuria, Glomerulonephritis, lower limb palpable purpurin
HSP
Metabolic acidosis + urine pH above 6.0
RTA
Calculation for osmolality
2Na + BUN/2.8 + Glucose/18. Normal is less than 10
High osmol gap (above 20)
Consider alcohol poisoning (methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol)
Nephritis with low complement levels
Post infectious GN
Para infectious GN
MPGN
SLE Nephritis
Most common cause of glomerular gross hematuria, typically asymptomatic, closely aligned with infection
IgA Nephropathy
Clinical definition of nephrotic syndrome
Proteinuria
Hypoproteinemia
Hypercholesterolemia
Edema
Renal artery stenosis associated with:
IDM
Williams Syndrome
Neurofibromatosis
Turner’s Syndrome
Viral hemorrhagic cystitis
Adenovirus
Most common agent to cause primary peritonitis
Strep pneumo
No changes on light microscopy
MCNS
Epithelial foot process efface meant on electron microscopy
MCNS
Abx for strep may attenuate disease severity of post infectious GN BUT
Abx do not prevent development of GN
Mesangial deposits of IgA
IgA Nephropathy
Wt (kg) x Ht (cm). Square root of the answer. Divide by 60
Equals BSA
Insensible water losses for child over 10 kg
500 ml/m^2
Insensible water loss for child under 10 kg
40 ml/kg
Diuretic that causes hearing loss
Furosemide
